The risk ofhuman immunodeficiency virus(HIV), a virus that can be a sexually transmitted infection (STI), is quite high duringunprotected anal sex(penetrating the rectum). The anal sex risk is greater than vaginal sex, and greater for a receptive (bottom) partner when the penis is placed in the anus. This article discusses the increased risk of anal sex for a receptive partner (though the risk exists for a “top” partner too). It presents a number of techniques for reducing this elevated risk of HIV....

Table of ContentsView AllTable of ContentsAnatomyFunctionConditions Table of ContentsView All View All Table of Contents Anatomy Function Conditions The anal sphincter muscles may be damaged if you have trouble holding in stool and/or urine (or it leaks out) or if you have pain in your rectum. This article will go over the anatomy of the anal sphincter and its function. You will also learn about conditions that affect the anal sphincter and what happens if the anal sphincter is damaged....

Key TakeawaysAn analysis that combined data from decades’ worth of studies found women are 34% more likely to experience severe adverse events during chemotherapy than men.The difference was even more stark with immunotherapy treatments.This was a retrospective study, and findings need to be confirmed. Key Takeaways An analysis that combined data from decades’ worth of studies found women are 34% more likely to experience severe adverse events during chemotherapy than men....

Table of ContentsView AllTable of ContentsSymptomsCausesDiagnosisTreatment Table of ContentsView All View All Table of Contents Symptoms Causes Diagnosis Treatment Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is a fast-growing and aggressive type ofthyroid cancer. Also known as undifferentiated thyroid cancer, the disease involves the rapid division of cancer cells that don’t or barely resemble or act like normal thyroid cells. Anaplastic cancers can grow as quickly as several weeks and can cause severe compression of the structures in the neck, interfering with breathing, swallowing, and speaking....

A surgical anastomosis is the joining of two body structures that are not currently connected. It’s performed during surgery and may be done to repair a defect, to make the anatomy functional again after tissue is removed, or to make treatment possible. PIXOLOGICSTUDIO/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY / Getty Images Examples An example of treating a vascular defect would be repairing a blood vessel problem that interferes with the way blood flows to the heart muscle....

Table of ContentsView AllTable of ContentsLocationFunctionAnatomical VariationsAssociated ConditionsDiagnosisTreatment Table of ContentsView All View All Table of Contents Location Function Anatomical Variations Associated Conditions Diagnosis Treatment The function of the abducens nerve is to move your lateral rectus muscle. This lets your eye rotate away from the center of your body and look to the left or right. Sometimes called the abducent nerve, the abducens nerve is the sixth cranial nerve (CN VI)....

Table of ContentsView AllTable of ContentsLocationStructureVariationsRoleConditionsMedical Tests Table of ContentsView All View All Table of Contents Location Structure Variations Role Conditions Medical Tests Theclitoris, or “clit,” is located at the point where the labia majora (the outer lips of the genitals of people assignedfemaleat birth) meet near thepubic bone. Most of the clitoris is inside the body, but it has a small nub called the glans clitoris that you can see from the outside....

The dermis is the second and thickest layer of the three majorlayers of skin, located between theepidermisandsubcutaneous tissues, also known as the subcutis and thehypodermis. The skin was previously viewed as abody part that protects us from the elements. Today, new knowledge informs us that the layers of the skin are actually very complex and have many important functions—from giving us goosebumps and cooling us down in the sauna to letting our brain know that our hand is on a burner....

Table of ContentsView AllTable of ContentsAnatomyFunctionConditionsTreatmentExercises Table of ContentsView All View All Table of Contents Anatomy Function Conditions Treatment Exercises The latissimus dorsi muscles or “lats” are triangular back muscles located below the shoulder blade and to the left and right of the spine. The lats are large muscles, extending from the shoulder blades, across the back, and to the pelvis. Lats help you stabilize your back while extending your shoulders, so you can do things like pull-ups, vertical climbing, and swimming....

Table of ContentsView AllTable of ContentsAnatomyFunctionAssociated ConditionsTreatmentSummary Table of ContentsView All View All Table of Contents Anatomy Function Associated Conditions Treatment Summary The nasal bones are two wedged-shaped bones that make up the bridge of your nose. They come together at a rigid fibrous joint, forming the thickest part of the nose. The anatomical parts of the nose are fairly the same from person to person. In addition to the two nasal bones that form the strong vault at the top center of your nose, surrounding bones and other structures help support your facial features and nasal functions:...

Table of ContentsView AllTable of ContentsFunctionAnatomyRegionsGray and White MatterConditionsTreatment Table of ContentsView All View All Table of Contents Function Anatomy Regions Gray and White Matter Conditions Treatment The main function of the spinal cord is to carry nerve signals between your brain and the rest of your body. This includes motor commands and sensory information. The spinal cord also helps coordinate your reflexes. The spinal cord is part of the central nervous system....

Table of ContentsView AllTable of ContentsAnatomyFunctionConditions and DisordersTreatment Table of ContentsView All View All Table of Contents Anatomy Function Conditions and Disorders Treatment Your back muscles support your spine, attach your pelvis and shoulders to your trunk, and provide mobility and stability to your trunk and spine. The five major muscles of the back are thetrapezius,latissimus dorsi, the rhomboids, the erectorspinae, and thelevator scapulae. Back muscles are grouped into three categories....

Table of ContentsView AllTable of ContentsAnatomyFunctionAssociated ConditionsRehabilitation Table of ContentsView All View All Table of Contents Anatomy Function Associated Conditions Rehabilitation The clavicle, also referred to as the collarbone, is an elongated, S-shaped bone that sits between the shoulder and sternum at the top of the ribcage. The clavicle provides structural support between the shoulder and the rest of the skeleton and is the most frequently fractured bone in the human body....