If you want relief from an itchy, dry scalp, you have a lot of home remedies to try. Some remedies may already be in your pantry, and most others are easy to acquire. Learn the evidence behind them.
Elena Noviello / Getty Images
1. Apple Cider Vinegar
Apple cider vinegaris believed to relieve dry scalp and itchiness because it may:
However, straight apple cider vinegar can cause chemical burns.The recommended method is to:
While research suggests apple cider vinegar kills bacteria and fungi, some research shows it may not alter skin microbiome in people with atopic dermatitis.Microbiome refers to the mix of microbes seen in or on an area of the body.
2. Coconut Oil
Research suggestscoconut oilmay:
However, at least one study has suggested that it may not be effective for scalp health.Researchers also don’t know whether coconut oil works against the fungal strains that cause dandruff.
To try it, massage the oil into your scalp, leave it for 10 to 15 minutes, then use a gentle shampoo.
3. Tea Tree Oil
Tea tree oil, made from the leaves of theMelaleucaalternifoliatree, is believed to have antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral properties and is often used to treat skin infections.
Tea tree oil can irritate sensitive skin,so it may be best to add a few drops of it to a carrier oil, like argan or jojoba oil, before using it.
Massage the mixture into your scalp, let it sit for five minutes, then rinse.
The 8 Best Tea Tree Oils
4. Jojoba Oil
According to research,jojobaoil has the following effects:
For dry scalp, the suggested method is to massage 1 teaspoon of jojoba oil into your scalp, then leave it for at least 30 minutes before shampooing. Or you can mix a few drops into your conditioner, apply it to your hair, leave it for about 10 minutes, then rinse.
What Oils Are Good for Skin?
5. Avocado
Avocados and avocado oil both are used to alleviate dry scalp. They contain fatty acids plus vitamins A and B. Older research in rodents suggests they may:
The recommended application method is:
Alternatively, you can mash up an avocado, massage it into your hair, then shampoo out.
You don’t need to dilute avocado oil, but it’s a good idea to test a small amount on your skin to check for allergies.
6. Aloe Vera
Aloe vera gelis often used to treat minor wounds, skin irritation, and inflammatory skin disorders. For these reasons, it’s also used to relieve a dry, itchy scalp.
The recommended use is to apply the aloe vera gel to your scalp, let it sit for 10 minutes, then shampoo it out.
How to Treat Eczema With Aloe Vera
7. Omega-3 Fatty Acids
Omega-3 fatty acidsare good for your heart health.They also help your skin with oil production and hydration; research suggests they’re anti-inflammatory.
Unlike other remedies, omega-3s aren’t something you put directly on your scalp—you eat them or take them in supplement form, just as you would to reap the other health benefits.
Foods rich in omega-3s include:
How Much Omega-3 Should You Get?
8. Witch Hazel
Witch hazelis a liquid extract from the witch hazel plant (Hamamelis virginiana). Research suggests it’s effective at:
Some researchers have recommended its use alongside conventional antibiotics.
For a dry scalp, mix it with water or a carrier oil (a base oil or vegetable oil used to dilute essential oils or other skin treatments) and massage it in, or mix a few drops into your shampoo. Let it sit for a few minutes before rinsing.
9. Bananas
Mashed banana, applied directly to the scalp, is sometimes suggested for dry scalp. However, there’s little to no science behind the practice.
Preliminary research suggests that an extract of banana peel may have antimicrobial properties.The banana also contains antioxidants, so eating them can protect cells from damage and help prevent disease.
However, it’s unknown whether these properties of the fruit, along with its vitamin content, make it an effective topical treatment for dry scalp. That doesn’t keep people from recommending it, though.
Some people suggest mixing banana with egg, honey, avocado oil, or coconut oil and applying it to your scalp for between 10 and 20 minutes, then rinsing well.
10. Baking Soda and Olive Oil
Some preliminary research has been done on both baking soda and olive oil, supporting their use as a topical treatment.
Baking soda (also called bicarbonate of soda or sodium bicarbonate) is believed to have antibacterial and antifungal properties. Dentists sometimes recommend using it as a mouthwash.
However, its topical use may be more limited than was once thought. Baking soda baths have long been recommended for psoriasis (an autoimmune skin condition that causes inflamed, scaly patches), but one study showed no improvements in skin hydration, moisture loss, or itchiness.
Research showsolive oilhas anti-inflammatory,antioxidant, and wound-healing properties when used on the skin.
To use it on your hair, a common recommendation is to use equal parts baking soda and olive oil to make a scrub. Massage it into your scalp, leave it for five minutes, then rinse.
11. Yogurt and Eggs
While there is little research to support it, a yogurt and egg mixture has long been a folk remedy for dry scalp remedy in Palestine. You can combine the ingredients and apply it to your scalp.
A Word From VerywellSee a board-certified dermatologist for evaluation and treatment of a dry scalp when over-the-counter treatments are ineffective and symptoms negatively impact your quality of life.—BRENDAN CAMP, MD, MEDICAL EXPERT BOARD
A Word From Verywell
See a board-certified dermatologist for evaluation and treatment of a dry scalp when over-the-counter treatments are ineffective and symptoms negatively impact your quality of life.—BRENDAN CAMP, MD, MEDICAL EXPERT BOARD
See a board-certified dermatologist for evaluation and treatment of a dry scalp when over-the-counter treatments are ineffective and symptoms negatively impact your quality of life.
—BRENDAN CAMP, MD, MEDICAL EXPERT BOARD
Risks and Side Effects
Even with home remedies, you need to be aware of the potential risks and side effects.
With these dry-scalp remedies, the biggest dangers include:
Chemical Burns
Be sure you dilute essential oils such as tea tree oil before using them directly on your skin.Most often, it’s recommended that you mix them with carrier oils, which are gentle on the skin. Common carrier oils are:
Since these oils may also help with dry scalp, they may be good choices. You can also mix essential oils with aloe vera gel.
Apple cider vinegar should always be mixed with water before it’s used on your skin.
Allergic Reactions
If you have a known topical allergy to something, you should never use it as a home remedy. If you have an allergic reaction to eating a food, it may or may not cause problems when used on your skin.
Before using any topical treatment, it’s a good idea to test it on a small area first. Though not foolproof, you may limit the adverse reactions you may have.
When to Contact a Healthcare Provider
It’s time to call a healthcare provider about your dry scalp when:
Scalp Ringworm
Red Spots on Scalp: Causes and Treatments
Summary
Some of these home remedies may present potential risks, such as chemical burns or allergic reactions. To protect yourself, dilute vinegar with water and essential oils with carrier oils. Test a small amount of the remedy before using it widely in case you react to it.
Contact a healthcare provider if you have severe symptoms, the problem doesn’t go away with home remedies, or if it gets worse after using them.
29 SourcesVerywell Health uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Read oureditorial processto learn more about how we fact-check and keep our content accurate, reliable, and trustworthy.American Academy of Dermatology.Is your dry scalp something more serious?Ousaaid D, Laaroussi H, Bakour M, Ennaji H, Lyoussi B, El Arabi I.Antifungal and antibacterial activities of apple vinegar of different cultivars.Int J Microbiol. 2021;2021:6087671. doi:10.1155/2021/6087671Burnett CL, Bergfeld WF, Belsito DV, et al.Amended safety assessment of malic acid and sodium malate as used in cosmetics.Int J Toxicol. 2022;41(3_suppl):69-76. doi:10.1177/10915818221117535El Abdali Y, Saghrouchni H, Kara M, et al.Exploring the bioactive compounds in some apple vinegar samples and their biological activities.Plants (Basel). 2023;12(22):3850. doi:10.3390/plants12223850Feldstein S, Afshar M, Krakowski AC.Chemical burn from vinegar following an internet-based protocol for self-removal of nevi.J Clin Aesthet Dermatol. 2015;8(6):50.Luu LA, Flowers RH, Gao Y, et al.Apple cider vinegar soaks do not alter the skin bacterial microbiome in atopic dermatitis.PLoS One. 2021;16(6):e0252272. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0252272Lin TK, Zhong L, Santiago JL.Anti-inflammatory and skin barrier repair effects of topical application of some plant oils.Int J Mol Sci. 2017;19(1):70. doi:10.3390/ijms19010070Joshi S, Kaushik V, Gode V, Mhaskar S.Coconut oil and immunity: What do we really know about it so far?.J Assoc Physicians India. 2020;68(7):67-72.Nayak BS, Ann CY, Azhar AB, Ling ECS, Yen WH, Aithal PA.A study on scalp hair health and hair care practices among Malaysian medical students.Int J Trichology. 2017;9(2):58-62. doi:10.4103/ijt.ijt_76_16Brun P, Bernabè G, Filippini R, Piovan A.In vitro antimicrobial activities of commercially available tea tree (Melaleuca alternifolia) essential oils.Curr Microbiol. 2019;76(1):108-116. doi:10.1007/s00284-018-1594-xNashwa RK, Ahmed EB, Nemr WA.Comparative study between topically applied irradiated human amniotic membrane in combination with tea tree oil versus topical tioconazole in pityraisis versicolor treatment.Cell Tissue Bank. 2020;21(2):313-320. doi:10.1007/s10561-020-09824-5National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health.Tea tree oil.de Oliveira AP, Franco Ede S, Rodrigues Barreto R, et al.Effect of semisolid formulation of persea americana mill (avocado) oil on wound healing in rats.Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2013;2013:472382. doi:10.1155/2013/472382Dawid-Pać R.Medicinal plants used in treatment of inflammatory skin diseases.Postepy Dermatol Alergol. 2013;30(3):170-177. doi:10.5114/pdia.2013.35620National Institutes of Health, Office of Dietary Supplements.Omega-3 fatty acids.Calder PC.Omega-3 fatty acids and inflammatory processes: from molecules to man.Biochem Soc Trans. 2017;45(5):1105-1115. doi:10.1042/BST20160474Cheesman MJ, Alcorn SR, White A, Cock IE.Hamamelis virginianaL. leaf extracts inhibit the growth of antibiotic-resistant gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.Antibiotics (Basel). 2023;12(7):1195. doi:10.3390/antibiotics12071195Park S, Nhiem NX, Song JH, et al.The chemical constituents from twigs ofHamamelis japonicaand their antiviral activities.Nat Prod Res. 2023;37(6):863-870. doi:10.1080/14786419.2022.2094376Piazza S, Martinelli G, Magnavacca A, et al.Unveiling the ability of witch hazel (Hamamelis virginianaL.) bark extract to impair keratinocyte inflammatory cascade typical of atopic eczema.Int J Mol Sci. 2022;23(16):9279. doi:10.3390/ijms23169279Kloter E, Albanese F, Schweighoffer R, Wolf U.Phytotherapy in paediatric skin disorders - a systematic literature review.Complement Ther Med. 2023;74:102942. doi:10.1016/j.ctim.2023.102942Kapadia SP, Pudakalkatti PS, Shivanaikar S.Detection of antimicrobial activity of banana peel (Musa paradisiaca L.) on Porphyromonas gingivalis and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans: an in vitro study.Contemp Clin Dent. 2015;6(4):496-499. doi:10.4103/0976-237X.169864Singh B, Singh JP, Kaur A, Singh N.Bioactive compounds in banana and their associated health benefits - A review.Food Chem. 2016;206:1-11. doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.03.033Madeswaran S, Jayachandran S.Sodium bicarbonate: a review and its uses in dentistry.Indian J Dent Res. 2018;29(5):672-677. doi:10.4103/ijdr.IJDR_30_17Mazzarello V, Piu G, Ferrari M, Piga G.Efficacy of a topical formulation of sodium bicarbonate in mild to moderate stable plaque psoriasis: a randomized, blinded, intrapatient, controlled study.Dermatol Ther (Heidelb). 2019;9(3):497-503. doi:10.1007/s13555-019-0302-5Zaid AN, Jaradat NA, Eid AM, Al Zabadi H, Alkaiyat A, Darwish SA.Ethnopharmacological survey of home remedies used for treatment of hair and scalp and their methods of preparation in the West Bank-Palestine.BMC Complement Altern Med. 2017;17(1):355. doi:10.1186/s12906-017-1858-1Farrar AJ, Farrar FC.Clinical aromatherapy.Nurs Clin North Am. 2020;55(4):489-504. doi:10.1016/j.cnur.2020.06.015Nebraska Medicine.Is apple cider vinegar good for skin or hair? A dermatologist weighs in.UpToDate.Patient education: food allergy symptoms and diagnosis (beyond the basics).Nationwide Children’s Hospital.Seborrheic dermatitis (cradle cap).
29 Sources
Verywell Health uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Read oureditorial processto learn more about how we fact-check and keep our content accurate, reliable, and trustworthy.American Academy of Dermatology.Is your dry scalp something more serious?Ousaaid D, Laaroussi H, Bakour M, Ennaji H, Lyoussi B, El Arabi I.Antifungal and antibacterial activities of apple vinegar of different cultivars.Int J Microbiol. 2021;2021:6087671. doi:10.1155/2021/6087671Burnett CL, Bergfeld WF, Belsito DV, et al.Amended safety assessment of malic acid and sodium malate as used in cosmetics.Int J Toxicol. 2022;41(3_suppl):69-76. doi:10.1177/10915818221117535El Abdali Y, Saghrouchni H, Kara M, et al.Exploring the bioactive compounds in some apple vinegar samples and their biological activities.Plants (Basel). 2023;12(22):3850. doi:10.3390/plants12223850Feldstein S, Afshar M, Krakowski AC.Chemical burn from vinegar following an internet-based protocol for self-removal of nevi.J Clin Aesthet Dermatol. 2015;8(6):50.Luu LA, Flowers RH, Gao Y, et al.Apple cider vinegar soaks do not alter the skin bacterial microbiome in atopic dermatitis.PLoS One. 2021;16(6):e0252272. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0252272Lin TK, Zhong L, Santiago JL.Anti-inflammatory and skin barrier repair effects of topical application of some plant oils.Int J Mol Sci. 2017;19(1):70. doi:10.3390/ijms19010070Joshi S, Kaushik V, Gode V, Mhaskar S.Coconut oil and immunity: What do we really know about it so far?.J Assoc Physicians India. 2020;68(7):67-72.Nayak BS, Ann CY, Azhar AB, Ling ECS, Yen WH, Aithal PA.A study on scalp hair health and hair care practices among Malaysian medical students.Int J Trichology. 2017;9(2):58-62. doi:10.4103/ijt.ijt_76_16Brun P, Bernabè G, Filippini R, Piovan A.In vitro antimicrobial activities of commercially available tea tree (Melaleuca alternifolia) essential oils.Curr Microbiol. 2019;76(1):108-116. doi:10.1007/s00284-018-1594-xNashwa RK, Ahmed EB, Nemr WA.Comparative study between topically applied irradiated human amniotic membrane in combination with tea tree oil versus topical tioconazole in pityraisis versicolor treatment.Cell Tissue Bank. 2020;21(2):313-320. doi:10.1007/s10561-020-09824-5National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health.Tea tree oil.de Oliveira AP, Franco Ede S, Rodrigues Barreto R, et al.Effect of semisolid formulation of persea americana mill (avocado) oil on wound healing in rats.Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2013;2013:472382. doi:10.1155/2013/472382Dawid-Pać R.Medicinal plants used in treatment of inflammatory skin diseases.Postepy Dermatol Alergol. 2013;30(3):170-177. doi:10.5114/pdia.2013.35620National Institutes of Health, Office of Dietary Supplements.Omega-3 fatty acids.Calder PC.Omega-3 fatty acids and inflammatory processes: from molecules to man.Biochem Soc Trans. 2017;45(5):1105-1115. doi:10.1042/BST20160474Cheesman MJ, Alcorn SR, White A, Cock IE.Hamamelis virginianaL. leaf extracts inhibit the growth of antibiotic-resistant gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.Antibiotics (Basel). 2023;12(7):1195. doi:10.3390/antibiotics12071195Park S, Nhiem NX, Song JH, et al.The chemical constituents from twigs ofHamamelis japonicaand their antiviral activities.Nat Prod Res. 2023;37(6):863-870. doi:10.1080/14786419.2022.2094376Piazza S, Martinelli G, Magnavacca A, et al.Unveiling the ability of witch hazel (Hamamelis virginianaL.) bark extract to impair keratinocyte inflammatory cascade typical of atopic eczema.Int J Mol Sci. 2022;23(16):9279. doi:10.3390/ijms23169279Kloter E, Albanese F, Schweighoffer R, Wolf U.Phytotherapy in paediatric skin disorders - a systematic literature review.Complement Ther Med. 2023;74:102942. doi:10.1016/j.ctim.2023.102942Kapadia SP, Pudakalkatti PS, Shivanaikar S.Detection of antimicrobial activity of banana peel (Musa paradisiaca L.) on Porphyromonas gingivalis and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans: an in vitro study.Contemp Clin Dent. 2015;6(4):496-499. doi:10.4103/0976-237X.169864Singh B, Singh JP, Kaur A, Singh N.Bioactive compounds in banana and their associated health benefits - A review.Food Chem. 2016;206:1-11. doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.03.033Madeswaran S, Jayachandran S.Sodium bicarbonate: a review and its uses in dentistry.Indian J Dent Res. 2018;29(5):672-677. doi:10.4103/ijdr.IJDR_30_17Mazzarello V, Piu G, Ferrari M, Piga G.Efficacy of a topical formulation of sodium bicarbonate in mild to moderate stable plaque psoriasis: a randomized, blinded, intrapatient, controlled study.Dermatol Ther (Heidelb). 2019;9(3):497-503. doi:10.1007/s13555-019-0302-5Zaid AN, Jaradat NA, Eid AM, Al Zabadi H, Alkaiyat A, Darwish SA.Ethnopharmacological survey of home remedies used for treatment of hair and scalp and their methods of preparation in the West Bank-Palestine.BMC Complement Altern Med. 2017;17(1):355. doi:10.1186/s12906-017-1858-1Farrar AJ, Farrar FC.Clinical aromatherapy.Nurs Clin North Am. 2020;55(4):489-504. doi:10.1016/j.cnur.2020.06.015Nebraska Medicine.Is apple cider vinegar good for skin or hair? A dermatologist weighs in.UpToDate.Patient education: food allergy symptoms and diagnosis (beyond the basics).Nationwide Children’s Hospital.Seborrheic dermatitis (cradle cap).
Verywell Health uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Read oureditorial processto learn more about how we fact-check and keep our content accurate, reliable, and trustworthy.
American Academy of Dermatology.Is your dry scalp something more serious?Ousaaid D, Laaroussi H, Bakour M, Ennaji H, Lyoussi B, El Arabi I.Antifungal and antibacterial activities of apple vinegar of different cultivars.Int J Microbiol. 2021;2021:6087671. doi:10.1155/2021/6087671Burnett CL, Bergfeld WF, Belsito DV, et al.Amended safety assessment of malic acid and sodium malate as used in cosmetics.Int J Toxicol. 2022;41(3_suppl):69-76. doi:10.1177/10915818221117535El Abdali Y, Saghrouchni H, Kara M, et al.Exploring the bioactive compounds in some apple vinegar samples and their biological activities.Plants (Basel). 2023;12(22):3850. doi:10.3390/plants12223850Feldstein S, Afshar M, Krakowski AC.Chemical burn from vinegar following an internet-based protocol for self-removal of nevi.J Clin Aesthet Dermatol. 2015;8(6):50.Luu LA, Flowers RH, Gao Y, et al.Apple cider vinegar soaks do not alter the skin bacterial microbiome in atopic dermatitis.PLoS One. 2021;16(6):e0252272. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0252272Lin TK, Zhong L, Santiago JL.Anti-inflammatory and skin barrier repair effects of topical application of some plant oils.Int J Mol Sci. 2017;19(1):70. doi:10.3390/ijms19010070Joshi S, Kaushik V, Gode V, Mhaskar S.Coconut oil and immunity: What do we really know about it so far?.J Assoc Physicians India. 2020;68(7):67-72.Nayak BS, Ann CY, Azhar AB, Ling ECS, Yen WH, Aithal PA.A study on scalp hair health and hair care practices among Malaysian medical students.Int J Trichology. 2017;9(2):58-62. doi:10.4103/ijt.ijt_76_16Brun P, Bernabè G, Filippini R, Piovan A.In vitro antimicrobial activities of commercially available tea tree (Melaleuca alternifolia) essential oils.Curr Microbiol. 2019;76(1):108-116. doi:10.1007/s00284-018-1594-xNashwa RK, Ahmed EB, Nemr WA.Comparative study between topically applied irradiated human amniotic membrane in combination with tea tree oil versus topical tioconazole in pityraisis versicolor treatment.Cell Tissue Bank. 2020;21(2):313-320. doi:10.1007/s10561-020-09824-5National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health.Tea tree oil.de Oliveira AP, Franco Ede S, Rodrigues Barreto R, et al.Effect of semisolid formulation of persea americana mill (avocado) oil on wound healing in rats.Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2013;2013:472382. doi:10.1155/2013/472382Dawid-Pać R.Medicinal plants used in treatment of inflammatory skin diseases.Postepy Dermatol Alergol. 2013;30(3):170-177. doi:10.5114/pdia.2013.35620National Institutes of Health, Office of Dietary Supplements.Omega-3 fatty acids.Calder PC.Omega-3 fatty acids and inflammatory processes: from molecules to man.Biochem Soc Trans. 2017;45(5):1105-1115. doi:10.1042/BST20160474Cheesman MJ, Alcorn SR, White A, Cock IE.Hamamelis virginianaL. leaf extracts inhibit the growth of antibiotic-resistant gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.Antibiotics (Basel). 2023;12(7):1195. doi:10.3390/antibiotics12071195Park S, Nhiem NX, Song JH, et al.The chemical constituents from twigs ofHamamelis japonicaand their antiviral activities.Nat Prod Res. 2023;37(6):863-870. doi:10.1080/14786419.2022.2094376Piazza S, Martinelli G, Magnavacca A, et al.Unveiling the ability of witch hazel (Hamamelis virginianaL.) bark extract to impair keratinocyte inflammatory cascade typical of atopic eczema.Int J Mol Sci. 2022;23(16):9279. doi:10.3390/ijms23169279Kloter E, Albanese F, Schweighoffer R, Wolf U.Phytotherapy in paediatric skin disorders - a systematic literature review.Complement Ther Med. 2023;74:102942. doi:10.1016/j.ctim.2023.102942Kapadia SP, Pudakalkatti PS, Shivanaikar S.Detection of antimicrobial activity of banana peel (Musa paradisiaca L.) on Porphyromonas gingivalis and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans: an in vitro study.Contemp Clin Dent. 2015;6(4):496-499. doi:10.4103/0976-237X.169864Singh B, Singh JP, Kaur A, Singh N.Bioactive compounds in banana and their associated health benefits - A review.Food Chem. 2016;206:1-11. doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.03.033Madeswaran S, Jayachandran S.Sodium bicarbonate: a review and its uses in dentistry.Indian J Dent Res. 2018;29(5):672-677. doi:10.4103/ijdr.IJDR_30_17Mazzarello V, Piu G, Ferrari M, Piga G.Efficacy of a topical formulation of sodium bicarbonate in mild to moderate stable plaque psoriasis: a randomized, blinded, intrapatient, controlled study.Dermatol Ther (Heidelb). 2019;9(3):497-503. doi:10.1007/s13555-019-0302-5Zaid AN, Jaradat NA, Eid AM, Al Zabadi H, Alkaiyat A, Darwish SA.Ethnopharmacological survey of home remedies used for treatment of hair and scalp and their methods of preparation in the West Bank-Palestine.BMC Complement Altern Med. 2017;17(1):355. doi:10.1186/s12906-017-1858-1Farrar AJ, Farrar FC.Clinical aromatherapy.Nurs Clin North Am. 2020;55(4):489-504. doi:10.1016/j.cnur.2020.06.015Nebraska Medicine.Is apple cider vinegar good for skin or hair? A dermatologist weighs in.UpToDate.Patient education: food allergy symptoms and diagnosis (beyond the basics).Nationwide Children’s Hospital.Seborrheic dermatitis (cradle cap).
American Academy of Dermatology.Is your dry scalp something more serious?
Ousaaid D, Laaroussi H, Bakour M, Ennaji H, Lyoussi B, El Arabi I.Antifungal and antibacterial activities of apple vinegar of different cultivars.Int J Microbiol. 2021;2021:6087671. doi:10.1155/2021/6087671
Burnett CL, Bergfeld WF, Belsito DV, et al.Amended safety assessment of malic acid and sodium malate as used in cosmetics.Int J Toxicol. 2022;41(3_suppl):69-76. doi:10.1177/10915818221117535
El Abdali Y, Saghrouchni H, Kara M, et al.Exploring the bioactive compounds in some apple vinegar samples and their biological activities.Plants (Basel). 2023;12(22):3850. doi:10.3390/plants12223850
Feldstein S, Afshar M, Krakowski AC.Chemical burn from vinegar following an internet-based protocol for self-removal of nevi.J Clin Aesthet Dermatol. 2015;8(6):50.
Luu LA, Flowers RH, Gao Y, et al.Apple cider vinegar soaks do not alter the skin bacterial microbiome in atopic dermatitis.PLoS One. 2021;16(6):e0252272. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0252272
Lin TK, Zhong L, Santiago JL.Anti-inflammatory and skin barrier repair effects of topical application of some plant oils.Int J Mol Sci. 2017;19(1):70. doi:10.3390/ijms19010070
Joshi S, Kaushik V, Gode V, Mhaskar S.Coconut oil and immunity: What do we really know about it so far?.J Assoc Physicians India. 2020;68(7):67-72.
Nayak BS, Ann CY, Azhar AB, Ling ECS, Yen WH, Aithal PA.A study on scalp hair health and hair care practices among Malaysian medical students.Int J Trichology. 2017;9(2):58-62. doi:10.4103/ijt.ijt_76_16
Brun P, Bernabè G, Filippini R, Piovan A.In vitro antimicrobial activities of commercially available tea tree (Melaleuca alternifolia) essential oils.Curr Microbiol. 2019;76(1):108-116. doi:10.1007/s00284-018-1594-x
Nashwa RK, Ahmed EB, Nemr WA.Comparative study between topically applied irradiated human amniotic membrane in combination with tea tree oil versus topical tioconazole in pityraisis versicolor treatment.Cell Tissue Bank. 2020;21(2):313-320. doi:10.1007/s10561-020-09824-5
National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health.Tea tree oil.
de Oliveira AP, Franco Ede S, Rodrigues Barreto R, et al.Effect of semisolid formulation of persea americana mill (avocado) oil on wound healing in rats.Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2013;2013:472382. doi:10.1155/2013/472382
Dawid-Pać R.Medicinal plants used in treatment of inflammatory skin diseases.Postepy Dermatol Alergol. 2013;30(3):170-177. doi:10.5114/pdia.2013.35620
National Institutes of Health, Office of Dietary Supplements.Omega-3 fatty acids.
Calder PC.Omega-3 fatty acids and inflammatory processes: from molecules to man.Biochem Soc Trans. 2017;45(5):1105-1115. doi:10.1042/BST20160474
Cheesman MJ, Alcorn SR, White A, Cock IE.Hamamelis virginianaL. leaf extracts inhibit the growth of antibiotic-resistant gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.Antibiotics (Basel). 2023;12(7):1195. doi:10.3390/antibiotics12071195
Park S, Nhiem NX, Song JH, et al.The chemical constituents from twigs ofHamamelis japonicaand their antiviral activities.Nat Prod Res. 2023;37(6):863-870. doi:10.1080/14786419.2022.2094376
Piazza S, Martinelli G, Magnavacca A, et al.Unveiling the ability of witch hazel (Hamamelis virginianaL.) bark extract to impair keratinocyte inflammatory cascade typical of atopic eczema.Int J Mol Sci. 2022;23(16):9279. doi:10.3390/ijms23169279
Kloter E, Albanese F, Schweighoffer R, Wolf U.Phytotherapy in paediatric skin disorders - a systematic literature review.Complement Ther Med. 2023;74:102942. doi:10.1016/j.ctim.2023.102942
Kapadia SP, Pudakalkatti PS, Shivanaikar S.Detection of antimicrobial activity of banana peel (Musa paradisiaca L.) on Porphyromonas gingivalis and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans: an in vitro study.Contemp Clin Dent. 2015;6(4):496-499. doi:10.4103/0976-237X.169864
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