Table of ContentsView AllTable of ContentsDo Vitamins Raise Blood Pressure?Vitamins and Supplements to AvoidAre There Supplements That Can Lower Blood Pressure?When to See a Healthcare Provider
Table of ContentsView All
View All
Table of Contents
Do Vitamins Raise Blood Pressure?
Vitamins and Supplements to Avoid
Are There Supplements That Can Lower Blood Pressure?
When to See a Healthcare Provider
Some vitamins, like vitamin D and the minerals calcium and magnesium, might actually lower blood pressure. However, you should always consult a healthcare provider before taking a new supplement, especially if you have an underlying medical condition like hypertension or are taking medications.
In the United States, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) does not regulate supplements the way it regulates prescription drugs. That means some supplement products may not contain what the label says. Whenchoosing a supplement, look for independently tested products and consult a healthcare provider, registered dietitian nutritionist (RD or RDN), or pharmacist.
Images By Tang Ming Tung / Getty Images
Dietary supplements include vitamins, minerals, and herbs that add to or “supplement” the nutrients you get from food. They are readily available in stores and online, and often are marketed as helping to improve or prevent certain health conditions.
Always talk to a healthcare provider before taking any vitamin or supplement.
Never take vitamins or other supplements without talking to a healthcare provider first. Before taking supplements, ask your healthcare provider:Should I take supplements?Will they help me or be unsafe for me?Will they interfere with medicines I take?What are the potential side effects?If I do take a supplement, how much should I take and how often?
Never take vitamins or other supplements without talking to a healthcare provider first. Before taking supplements, ask your healthcare provider:
Vitamins and Herbs to Avoid With High Blood Pressure
Arnica
In addition, when taken internally arnica can cause irritation or damage to the mouth, throat, and stomach, as well as vomiting, diarrhea, rashes, shortness of breath, fast heartbeat, damage to the heart and other organs, increased bleeding, coma, and death.
Asian (Panax) Ginseng
Asian ginseng, also known aspanax ginseng, has been promoted for a variety of uses including to increase well-being, reduce stress, and improve concentration and memory.
Asian ginseng’s effect on blood pressure is complicated. Some studies suggest it lowers blood pressure while others found it increases it. This has led researchers to question if ginseng increases blood pressure at usual doses, but lowers it when doses are higher. Until researchers are certain, you should not take ginseng if you have high blood pressure unless your healthcare provider tells you it is safe.
It’s not certain whether ginseng interacts with certain medications including blood thinners,calcium channel blockers,and other medications for high blood pressure. Anyone taking these medications should consult with a healthcare provider before using ginseng.
Bitter Orange
Bitter orangeis a supplement that comes from extract of the fruit or peel of a bitter orange. It’s often used in weight-loss supplements and sports performance products.While there have been cases reported ofheart attack,angina, andstrokeafter consuming products that contained bitter orange, it’s not known for certain if bitter orange or other ingredients played a role. Studies on whether bitter orange increases blood pressure or heart rate have produced conflicting results.
Guarana
Guaranacontains caffeine and is an herb commonly used in energy drinks. Many energy drinks contain high amounts of caffeine, and adding guarana increases caffeine amounts. Excessive caffeine can cause increases in blood pressure and heart rate and lead toheart rhythm disturbances.
A 2019 review noted that if guidelines for caffeine intake are followed, guarana consumption is not likely to be associated with any serious health risks.
Licorice Root
Licorice rootis a supplement most commonly used for digestive issues such asheartburn, coughs, and viral and bacterial infections. Licorice root can have serious side effects including increasing blood pressure in people who already have high blood pressure or take anti-hypertensive medications, especially when it’s consumed in large amounts or over long periods.
St. John’s Wort
St. John’s wortis an herb that’s used for a variety of conditions including depression, menopausal symptoms,attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD), andobsessive-compulsive disorder(OCD).
Vitamin E
Vitamin E is an antioxidant that protects the body’s cells from damage. In an older study, it was determined that vitamin E treatment significantly increased blood pressure, pulse pressure, and heart rate in individuals with type 2 diabetes.
However, more recent studies have shown that vitamin E may lower diastolic blood pressure (pressure when the heart beats) and has no effect on systolic blood pressure (pressure when the heart rests in between beats).Study authors noted the effects of vitamin E on systolic and diastolic blood pressure are still controversial.
Yohimbe
Yohimbecomes from the bark of African evergreen trees. It’s most commonly touted for helpingerectile dysfunctionandincreasing sexual arousal. Yohimbe has been associated with serious side effects including high blood pressure, rapid heartbeat, and heart attacks. Its use has been restricted in many countries.
Do Multivitamins Affect Blood Pressure?Despite their popularity, little research has been done on the effects multivitamins have on high blood pressure. A recent study found that taking multivitamins does not increase the short- or long-term risk of developing high blood pressure and that taking a multivitamin does not reduce the risk of developing high blood pressure for the average person.Older studies have suggested multivitamins may help reduce high blood pressure in those at risk for heart disease, but there has been little follow-up research.
Do Multivitamins Affect Blood Pressure?
Despite their popularity, little research has been done on the effects multivitamins have on high blood pressure. A recent study found that taking multivitamins does not increase the short- or long-term risk of developing high blood pressure and that taking a multivitamin does not reduce the risk of developing high blood pressure for the average person.Older studies have suggested multivitamins may help reduce high blood pressure in those at risk for heart disease, but there has been little follow-up research.
Despite their popularity, little research has been done on the effects multivitamins have on high blood pressure. A recent study found that taking multivitamins does not increase the short- or long-term risk of developing high blood pressure and that taking a multivitamin does not reduce the risk of developing high blood pressure for the average person.
Older studies have suggested multivitamins may help reduce high blood pressure in those at risk for heart disease, but there has been little follow-up research.
Several vitamins and minerals have been evaluated for their effects on lowering blood pressure.
B Vitamins
Most large clinical trials have failed to prove that supplementing with B vitamins reduces the risk of cardiovascular events.Research has indicated that some B vitamins may help lower blood pressure in certain people. Vitamin B2 (riboflavin) may help treat or prevent high blood pressure in those with certain genetic mutations that raise the risk of developing high blood pressure.
Folic acid, a synthetic form of vitamin B9, has been found to help lower blood pressure in those who already have high blood pressure.
Vitamin D
Taking vitamin D supplements has not been found to lower blood pressure in the general population. However,supplementing with vitamin Dmay have positive effects on blood pressure in certain groups including those with cardiovascular disease and older people.Taking vitamin D is not harmful to blood pressure, as long as excessive doses and vitamin D toxicity are avoided.
Vitamin D ToxicityVitamin Dtoxicity, or hypervitaminosis D, is a serious medical condition that typically occurs when very high doses of the vitamin are taken over long periods of time without medical supervision.Vitamin Dhelps the body absorb calcium and other minerals, but too much can causehypercalcemia—abnormally high calcium buildup in the blood.Symptoms of vitamin D toxicity can include high blood pressure and heart arrhythmias, along with gastrointestinal symptoms, kidney failure, and changes in mental state.
Vitamin D Toxicity
Vitamin Dtoxicity, or hypervitaminosis D, is a serious medical condition that typically occurs when very high doses of the vitamin are taken over long periods of time without medical supervision.Vitamin Dhelps the body absorb calcium and other minerals, but too much can causehypercalcemia—abnormally high calcium buildup in the blood.Symptoms of vitamin D toxicity can include high blood pressure and heart arrhythmias, along with gastrointestinal symptoms, kidney failure, and changes in mental state.
Vitamin Dtoxicity, or hypervitaminosis D, is a serious medical condition that typically occurs when very high doses of the vitamin are taken over long periods of time without medical supervision.Vitamin Dhelps the body absorb calcium and other minerals, but too much can causehypercalcemia—abnormally high calcium buildup in the blood.
Symptoms of vitamin D toxicity can include high blood pressure and heart arrhythmias, along with gastrointestinal symptoms, kidney failure, and changes in mental state.
Calcium and Magnesium
A review assessing the effects of six vitamins and minerals found calcium and magnesium supplementation provided significant reductions in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure. The study authors noted future studies should focus on optimal dosage and treatment length for these supplements.
Other Supplements
Coenzyme Q10 (ubiquinone), melatonin,grape seed extract, andgarlicsupplements have all been found in recent research to have blood-pressure-lowering effects.
High blood pressure usually has no warning signs or symptoms, and many people do not know they have it. Measuring your blood pressure is the only way to know whether you have high blood pressure.That’s why seeing a healthcare provider regularly is important.
Symptoms of very high blood pressure (usually 180/120 or higher) can include:
Before taking any vitamins and supplements, talk with your healthcare provider to determine what is safe and best for your health needs.
Summary
Unlike prescription or over-the-counter medications, the FDA does not regulate the sale or safety of supplements. You should always seek the advice of a healthcare provider when considering taking any supplement, especially if you are taking medication to control blood pressure.
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Verywell Health uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Read oureditorial processto learn more about how we fact-check and keep our content accurate, reliable, and trustworthy.National Institutes of Health National Library of Medicine.Comparative effectiveness review summary guides for consumers [internet].Houston MC.Treatment of hypertension with nutrition and nutraceutical supplements: Part 2.Alternative and Complementary Therapies. 2019;25(1):23-36. doi:10.1089/act.2018.29197.mhoPoison Control.Caution when using arnica products.National Institutes of Health National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health.Asian ginseng.Mount Sinai.Asian ginseng.American Botanical Council.The safety of bitter orange (citrus aurantium) and p-synephrine.National Institutes of Health National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health.Bitter orange.National Institutes of Health National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health.Energy drinks.Patrick M, Kim HA, Oketch-Rabah H, et al.Safety of Guarana Seed as a Dietary Ingredient: A Review. J Agric Food Chem. 2019 Oct 16;67(41):11281-11287. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b03781Wahab S, Annadurai S, Abullais SS, et al.Glycyrrhiza glabra(Licorice): A Comprehensive Review on Its Phytochemistry, Biological Activities, Clinical Evidence and Toxicology. Plants (Basel). 2021 Dec 14;10(12):2751. doi: 10.3390/plants10122751National Institutes of Health National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health.Licorice root.National Institutes of Health National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health.St. John’s wort.Foong AL, Grindrod KA, Patel T, Kellar J.Demystifying serotonin syndrome (orserotonin toxicity). Can Fam Physician. 2018 Oct;64(10):720-727. PMID: 30315014Ward NC, Wu JH, Clarke MW, et al.The effect of vitamin E on blood pressure in individuals with type 2 diabetes: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Journal of Hypertension. 2007;25(1):227-234. doi: 10.1097/01.hjh.0000254373.96111.43Qi S, Luo X, Liu S, et al.Effect of vitamin B 2 , vitamin C, vitamin D, vitamin E and folic acid in adults with essential hypertension: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. BMJ Open. 2024;14(1):e074511. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-074511Emami MR, Safabakhsh M, Alizadeh S, et al.Effect of vitamin E supplementation on blood pressure: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Hum Hypertens. 2019 Jul;33(7):499-507. doi: 10.1038/s41371-019-0192-0National Institutes of Health National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health.Yohimbe.Rautiainen S, Wang L, Lee IM, Manson JE, Gaziano JM, Buring JE, Sesso HD.Multivitamin use and the risk of hypertension in a prospective cohort study of women. J Hypertens. 2016 Aug;34(8):1513-9. doi:10.1097/HJH.0000000000000973National Institutes of Health Office of Dietary Supplements.Vitamin B6.McNulty H, Strain JJ, Hughes CF, Ward M. Riboflavin,MTHFR genotype and blood pressure: A personalized approach to prevention and treatment of hypertension. Mol Aspects Med. 2017 Feb;53:2-9. doi: 10.1016/j.mam.2016.10.002Wang WW, Wang XS, Zhang ZR, He JC, Xie CL.A meta-analysis of folic acid in combination with anti-hypertension drugs in patients with hypertension and hyperhomocysteinemia. Front Pharmacol. 2017 Aug 31;8:585. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00585Zhang D, Cheng C, Wang Y, Sun H, Yu S, Xue Y, et al.Effect of vitamin D on blood pressure and hypertension in the general population: an update meta-analysis of cohort studies and randomized controlled trials. Prev Chronic Dis 2020;17:190307. doi:10.5888/pcd17.190307Marcinowska-Suchowierska E, Kupisz-Urbańska M, Łukaszkiewicz J, Płudowski P, Jones G.Vitamin D toxicity-a clinical perspective. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2018 Sep 20;9:550. doi:10.3389/fendo.2018.00550.Behers BJ, Melchor J, Behers BM, et al.Vitamins and Minerals for Blood Pressure Reduction in the General, Normotensive Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Six Supplements. Nutrients. 2023 Sep 30;15(19):4223. doi: 10.3390/nu15194223Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.About high blood pressure.World Health Organization.Hypertension.
Verywell Health uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Read oureditorial processto learn more about how we fact-check and keep our content accurate, reliable, and trustworthy.
National Institutes of Health National Library of Medicine.Comparative effectiveness review summary guides for consumers [internet].Houston MC.Treatment of hypertension with nutrition and nutraceutical supplements: Part 2.Alternative and Complementary Therapies. 2019;25(1):23-36. doi:10.1089/act.2018.29197.mhoPoison Control.Caution when using arnica products.National Institutes of Health National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health.Asian ginseng.Mount Sinai.Asian ginseng.American Botanical Council.The safety of bitter orange (citrus aurantium) and p-synephrine.National Institutes of Health National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health.Bitter orange.National Institutes of Health National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health.Energy drinks.Patrick M, Kim HA, Oketch-Rabah H, et al.Safety of Guarana Seed as a Dietary Ingredient: A Review. J Agric Food Chem. 2019 Oct 16;67(41):11281-11287. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b03781Wahab S, Annadurai S, Abullais SS, et al.Glycyrrhiza glabra(Licorice): A Comprehensive Review on Its Phytochemistry, Biological Activities, Clinical Evidence and Toxicology. Plants (Basel). 2021 Dec 14;10(12):2751. doi: 10.3390/plants10122751National Institutes of Health National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health.Licorice root.National Institutes of Health National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health.St. John’s wort.Foong AL, Grindrod KA, Patel T, Kellar J.Demystifying serotonin syndrome (orserotonin toxicity). Can Fam Physician. 2018 Oct;64(10):720-727. PMID: 30315014Ward NC, Wu JH, Clarke MW, et al.The effect of vitamin E on blood pressure in individuals with type 2 diabetes: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Journal of Hypertension. 2007;25(1):227-234. doi: 10.1097/01.hjh.0000254373.96111.43Qi S, Luo X, Liu S, et al.Effect of vitamin B 2 , vitamin C, vitamin D, vitamin E and folic acid in adults with essential hypertension: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. BMJ Open. 2024;14(1):e074511. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-074511Emami MR, Safabakhsh M, Alizadeh S, et al.Effect of vitamin E supplementation on blood pressure: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Hum Hypertens. 2019 Jul;33(7):499-507. doi: 10.1038/s41371-019-0192-0National Institutes of Health National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health.Yohimbe.Rautiainen S, Wang L, Lee IM, Manson JE, Gaziano JM, Buring JE, Sesso HD.Multivitamin use and the risk of hypertension in a prospective cohort study of women. J Hypertens. 2016 Aug;34(8):1513-9. doi:10.1097/HJH.0000000000000973National Institutes of Health Office of Dietary Supplements.Vitamin B6.McNulty H, Strain JJ, Hughes CF, Ward M. Riboflavin,MTHFR genotype and blood pressure: A personalized approach to prevention and treatment of hypertension. Mol Aspects Med. 2017 Feb;53:2-9. doi: 10.1016/j.mam.2016.10.002Wang WW, Wang XS, Zhang ZR, He JC, Xie CL.A meta-analysis of folic acid in combination with anti-hypertension drugs in patients with hypertension and hyperhomocysteinemia. Front Pharmacol. 2017 Aug 31;8:585. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00585Zhang D, Cheng C, Wang Y, Sun H, Yu S, Xue Y, et al.Effect of vitamin D on blood pressure and hypertension in the general population: an update meta-analysis of cohort studies and randomized controlled trials. Prev Chronic Dis 2020;17:190307. doi:10.5888/pcd17.190307Marcinowska-Suchowierska E, Kupisz-Urbańska M, Łukaszkiewicz J, Płudowski P, Jones G.Vitamin D toxicity-a clinical perspective. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2018 Sep 20;9:550. doi:10.3389/fendo.2018.00550.Behers BJ, Melchor J, Behers BM, et al.Vitamins and Minerals for Blood Pressure Reduction in the General, Normotensive Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Six Supplements. Nutrients. 2023 Sep 30;15(19):4223. doi: 10.3390/nu15194223Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.About high blood pressure.World Health Organization.Hypertension.
National Institutes of Health National Library of Medicine.Comparative effectiveness review summary guides for consumers [internet].
Houston MC.Treatment of hypertension with nutrition and nutraceutical supplements: Part 2.Alternative and Complementary Therapies. 2019;25(1):23-36. doi:10.1089/act.2018.29197.mho
Poison Control.Caution when using arnica products.
National Institutes of Health National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health.Asian ginseng.
Mount Sinai.Asian ginseng.
American Botanical Council.The safety of bitter orange (citrus aurantium) and p-synephrine.
National Institutes of Health National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health.Bitter orange.
National Institutes of Health National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health.Energy drinks.
Patrick M, Kim HA, Oketch-Rabah H, et al.Safety of Guarana Seed as a Dietary Ingredient: A Review. J Agric Food Chem. 2019 Oct 16;67(41):11281-11287. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b03781
Wahab S, Annadurai S, Abullais SS, et al.Glycyrrhiza glabra(Licorice): A Comprehensive Review on Its Phytochemistry, Biological Activities, Clinical Evidence and Toxicology. Plants (Basel). 2021 Dec 14;10(12):2751. doi: 10.3390/plants10122751
National Institutes of Health National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health.Licorice root.
National Institutes of Health National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health.St. John’s wort.
Foong AL, Grindrod KA, Patel T, Kellar J.Demystifying serotonin syndrome (orserotonin toxicity). Can Fam Physician. 2018 Oct;64(10):720-727. PMID: 30315014
Ward NC, Wu JH, Clarke MW, et al.The effect of vitamin E on blood pressure in individuals with type 2 diabetes: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Journal of Hypertension. 2007;25(1):227-234. doi: 10.1097/01.hjh.0000254373.96111.43
Qi S, Luo X, Liu S, et al.Effect of vitamin B 2 , vitamin C, vitamin D, vitamin E and folic acid in adults with essential hypertension: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. BMJ Open. 2024;14(1):e074511. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-074511
Emami MR, Safabakhsh M, Alizadeh S, et al.Effect of vitamin E supplementation on blood pressure: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Hum Hypertens. 2019 Jul;33(7):499-507. doi: 10.1038/s41371-019-0192-0
National Institutes of Health National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health.Yohimbe.
Rautiainen S, Wang L, Lee IM, Manson JE, Gaziano JM, Buring JE, Sesso HD.Multivitamin use and the risk of hypertension in a prospective cohort study of women. J Hypertens. 2016 Aug;34(8):1513-9. doi:10.1097/HJH.0000000000000973
National Institutes of Health Office of Dietary Supplements.Vitamin B6.
McNulty H, Strain JJ, Hughes CF, Ward M. Riboflavin,MTHFR genotype and blood pressure: A personalized approach to prevention and treatment of hypertension. Mol Aspects Med. 2017 Feb;53:2-9. doi: 10.1016/j.mam.2016.10.002
Wang WW, Wang XS, Zhang ZR, He JC, Xie CL.A meta-analysis of folic acid in combination with anti-hypertension drugs in patients with hypertension and hyperhomocysteinemia. Front Pharmacol. 2017 Aug 31;8:585. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00585
Zhang D, Cheng C, Wang Y, Sun H, Yu S, Xue Y, et al.Effect of vitamin D on blood pressure and hypertension in the general population: an update meta-analysis of cohort studies and randomized controlled trials. Prev Chronic Dis 2020;17:190307. doi:10.5888/pcd17.190307
Marcinowska-Suchowierska E, Kupisz-Urbańska M, Łukaszkiewicz J, Płudowski P, Jones G.Vitamin D toxicity-a clinical perspective. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2018 Sep 20;9:550. doi:10.3389/fendo.2018.00550.
Behers BJ, Melchor J, Behers BM, et al.Vitamins and Minerals for Blood Pressure Reduction in the General, Normotensive Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Six Supplements. Nutrients. 2023 Sep 30;15(19):4223. doi: 10.3390/nu15194223
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.About high blood pressure.
World Health Organization.Hypertension.
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