Table of ContentsView AllTable of ContentsIs It Broken?Seeking Medical CareCausesRisk FactorsDiagnosisFirst-Aid and Self-CareTreatmentsRecoveryPrevention
Table of ContentsView All
View All
Table of Contents
Is It Broken?
Seeking Medical Care
Causes
Risk Factors
Diagnosis
First-Aid and Self-Care
Treatments
Recovery
Prevention
A broken nose, also known as a nasal bone fracture, can cause swelling, bruising, and pain. A nasal fracture occurs when bones or cartilage in the nose crack or break during sports, accidents, or physical altercations. Blunt trauma accounts for 9 out of 10 broken noses.
Because the nose protrudes from the surface of the face, it’s often the first area to experience impact. The nasal bone is one of the most frequently broken bones in the human body. Nasal fractures account for over 50% of all facial fractures in adults.Recognizing the symptoms of a broken nose can help ensure you receive appropriate treatment.
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How to Tell If Your Nose Is Broken
Below are some tell-tale signs of a broken nose:
Although these are common signs of a broken nose, it’s possible to have swelling and bloody nose without actually breaking your nose.
When to Contact a Healthcare Provider
Seek immediate medical attention, call 911, or go to the emergency room if you experience any of the following red flags:
What Causes a Broken Nose?
Blunt force trauma causes about 90% of all broken noses. This can result from the following:
A 2017 study on the reason for nasal bone fractures ranked the most common causes of a broken nose for adults and children.
In adults, the most common nasal bone fracture causes are:
In children, the most frequent causes of a broken nose are:
Who’s at Risk for a Broken Nose?
A broken nose is a common injury, but nasal fractures are more prevalent among certain demographic groups. In general, athletes, assault victims, people prone to falling, and anyone who rides in a vehicle without wearing a seat belt are all at risk of a broken nose.
A national analysis of risk factors for nasal fractures in the United States found that almost 3 out of 4 people who showed up at the emergency room with a nasal fracture were male (74.8%) with an average age of 45.6 years.However, it’s hard to make generalizations about who’s at highest risk of a broken nose based solely on age, sex, or gender.
How Is a Broken Nose Diagnosed?
Anteriorrhinoscopyornasopharyngoscopymay be performed to examine nose cavities and look for signs of a nasal septalhematoma(NSH), deviated septum, or other abnormalities.In severe cases, imaging tests such asX-raysorcomputed tomography (CT) scansare used to assess the extent of the injury.
First Aid and Self-Care for Treating a Broken Nose at Home
Applyingice or cold packsfor 10 to 15 minutes every hour to reduce swelling and alleviate pain is a gold standard first-aid regimen when treating a broken nose at home during the first 24 to 48 hours after a nasal fracture.
When using ice or an alternative like frozen peas, make sure to wrap them in a washcloth or tea towel to preventfrostbite. Never apply ice directly to the skin. Icing for longer than20 minutesat a time can cause tissue damage.
What Not to DoThe head should stay elevated immediately after a nose injury and while sleeping, butdon’t tilt your head backduring a nosebleed (epistaxis).
What Not to Do
The head should stay elevated immediately after a nose injury and while sleeping, butdon’t tilt your head backduring a nosebleed (epistaxis).
Over-the-counter (OTC) analgesics can be used for pain relief. When treating a broken nose at home, useTylenol (acetaminophen)instead ofnonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)like Advil or Motrin (ibuprofen). NSAIDs can increase bleeding within the first 48 hours after a nose injury and may slow a nasal fracture’s healing process.
OTCdecongestantsandnasal irrigationIf you’ve recently broken your nose, you can keep the nasal passages clear and clean. Also, try breathing through your mouth and avoid blowing your nose. Speak to a healthcare provider before doing strenuous activity after experiencing a nasal fracture.
7 First-Aid Tips for a Broken NoseTo sum up, below are seven first-aid treatments and self-care protocols for a broken nose you can do at home using over-the-counter (OTC) medications as needed:Breathing through the mouthDecongestantsElevating the headIce packs or cold compressNasal irrigationNot blowing the nose or performing strenuous activitiesPain relievers (Tylenol)
7 First-Aid Tips for a Broken Nose
To sum up, below are seven first-aid treatments and self-care protocols for a broken nose you can do at home using over-the-counter (OTC) medications as needed:Breathing through the mouthDecongestantsElevating the headIce packs or cold compressNasal irrigationNot blowing the nose or performing strenuous activitiesPain relievers (Tylenol)
To sum up, below are seven first-aid treatments and self-care protocols for a broken nose you can do at home using over-the-counter (OTC) medications as needed:
Medical Treatment Options
Manual Realignment
Surgery
In severe cases, or if manual realignment fails, surgical procedures such asrhinoplastyor correctiveseptorhinoplastyare performed under local orgeneral anesthesiato fix complex nasal fractures.
The Recovery and Healing Process
It takes about six weeks for a broken nose to heal. Swelling and acute pain should subside after about three days. Bruising and tenderness will gradually fade in a week or two. Using ice packs in the first 48 hours, keeping your head elevated, and avoiding aggravators like blowing your nose or doing strenuous activity will promote healing and help prevent complications.
Although most broken noses heal on their own, it’s important to see a healthcare provider or visit a hospital emergency department if you have a nasal fracture. Getting a broken nose realigned manually within 14 days of the injury is crucial for proper healing. If you wait too long to fix a broken nose, it’s less likely to appear the same after healing.
How to Prevent Broken Noses
Avoiding physical altercations can prevent broken noses. Fights are the leading cause of nasal fractures among adults. Not having fist fights significantly lowers the risk of breaking your nose.
If you’re in an abusive relationship that involves physical violence, ending thecycle of abusemakes nasal fractures less likely. The midface region is the most common location of facial injury among victims of intimate partner violence.
TheNational Domestic Violence Hotlinecan help men and women seeking a way out of an abusive or violent relationship find local resources. You can also call them at800-799-SAFE (7233)or text “START” to88788.
If you play sports, wearing protective face gear during athletic events can significantly reduce broken nose risks. The increased use of full-face guards and protective facial shields in recent years has contributed to a notable reduction of nasal fractures among athletes.
In high-risk environments, safety precautions—such as wearing a seat belt whenever traveling in a vehicle—can help prevent broken noses. Not wearing a seat belt in an automobile with airbags increases the risk of nasal fractures.
Summary
Broken noses are the most common facial fracture. Because the nose sticks out, it’s usually the first part of the face to get hit. Fist fights, car crashes, sports injuries, and bike accidents are some of the most common causes of nasal bone fractures. Pain, swelling, nosebleeds, and crookedness can all be signs you’ve broken your nose.
21 SourcesVerywell Health uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Read oureditorial processto learn more about how we fact-check and keep our content accurate, reliable, and trustworthy.Pham TT, Lester E, Grigorian A, Roditi RE, Nahmias JT.National analysis of risk factors for nasal fractures and associated injuries in trauma.Craniomaxillofacial Trauma & Reconstruction. 2019;12(3):221-227. doI:10.1055/s-0039-1677724Vishwanath N, Rhee B, Sobti N, et al.The role of antibiotics in nasal fractures after closed reduction.Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery - Global Open. 2023;11(4):e4886. doI:10.1097/GOX.0000000000004886Davari R, Pirzadeh A, Sattari F.Etiology and epidemiology of nasal bone fractures in patients referred to the otorhinolaryngology section, 2019.Int Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2023;27(02):e234-e239. doi:10.1055/s-0043-1768208Kim SW, Park B, Lee TG, Kim JY.Olfactory dysfunction in nasal bone fracture.Arch Craniofac Surg. 2017;18(2):92-96. doi:10.7181/acfs.2017.18.2.92Mount Sinai.Nose fracture information.Hwang K, Ki SJ, Ko SH.Etiology of nasal bone fractures.Journal of Craniofacial Surgery. 2017;28(3):785-788. doI:10.1097/SCS.0000000000003477Xiao CC, Kshirsagar RS, Hoerter JE, Rivero A.Sport and recreational causes of nasal bone fractures.Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2022;131(7):760-766. doI:10.1177/00034894211042446Xiao CC, Kshirsagar RS, Hoerter JE, Rivero A.Sport and recreational causes of nasal bone fractures.Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2022;131(7):760-766. doI:10.1177/00034894211042446Pham TT, Lester E, Grigorian A, Roditi RE, Nahmias JT.National analysis of risk factors for nasal fractures and associated injuries in trauma.Craniomaxillofacial Trauma & Reconstruction. 2019;12(3):221-227. doi:10.1055/s-0039-1677724Kelley B, Downey C, Stal S.Evaluation and reduction of nasal trauma.Seminars in Plastic Surgery. 2010;24(04):339-347. doi:10.1055/s-0030-1269763Wang Y, Bonaparte JP.Diagnosis and management of septal deviation and nasal valve collapse—a survey of Canadian otolaryngologists.J of Otolaryngol - Head & Neck Surg48, 71 (2019). doi:10.1186/s40463-019-0394-zKelley B, Downey C, Stal S.Evaluation and reduction of nasal trauma.Seminars in Plastic Surgery. 2010;24(04):339-347. doI:10.1055/s-0030-1269763Mutlu S, Yılmaz E.The effect of soft tissue injury cold application duration on symptoms, edema, joint mobility, and patient satisfaction: a randomized controlled trial.J Emerg Nurs. 2020;46(4):449-59. doi:10.1016/j.jen.2020.02.01Beck R, Sorge M, Schneider A, Dietz A.Current approaches to epistaxis treatment in primary and secondary care. Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2018;115(1-02):12-22. doi:10.3238/arztebl.2018.0012Pountos I, Georgouli T, Calori GM, Giannoudis PV.Do nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs affect bone healing? A critical analysis.The Scientific World Journal. 2012;2012:1-14. doi:10.1100/2012/606404Besmens IS, Shahrdar C, Fontein DBY, Knipper S, Giovanoli P, Lindenblatt N.Efficacy of closed reduction of nasal fractures—a retrospective analysis with focus on factors affecting functional and aesthetic outcomes.Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery. 2023;77:371-378. doI:10.1016/j.bjps.2022.11.010Lee YJ, Lee KT, Pyon JK.Finger reduction of nasal bone fracture under local anesthesia: outcomes and patient reported satisfaction.Arch Craniofac Surg. 2019;20(1):24-30. doi:10.7181/acfs.2018.02222Kim J, Jung HJ, Shim WS.Corrective septorhinoplasty in acute nasal bone fractures.Clin Exp Otorhinolaryngol. 2018;11(1):46-51. doi:10.21053/ceo.2017.00346Gujrathi R, Tang A, Thomas R, et al.Facial injury patterns in victims of intimate partner violence.Emerg Radiol. 2022;29(4):697-707. doi:10.1007/s10140-022-02052-2Patel Y, Goljan P, Pierce TP, et al.Management of nasal fractures in sports.Sports Med. 2017;47(10):1919-1923. doi:10.1007/s40279-017-0729-8Pham TT, Lester E, Grigorian A, Roditi RE, Nahmias JT.National analysis of risk factors for nasal fractures and associated injuries in trauma.Craniomaxillofacial Trauma & Reconstruction. 2019;12(3):221-227. doi:10.1055/s-0039-1677724
21 Sources
Verywell Health uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Read oureditorial processto learn more about how we fact-check and keep our content accurate, reliable, and trustworthy.Pham TT, Lester E, Grigorian A, Roditi RE, Nahmias JT.National analysis of risk factors for nasal fractures and associated injuries in trauma.Craniomaxillofacial Trauma & Reconstruction. 2019;12(3):221-227. doI:10.1055/s-0039-1677724Vishwanath N, Rhee B, Sobti N, et al.The role of antibiotics in nasal fractures after closed reduction.Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery - Global Open. 2023;11(4):e4886. doI:10.1097/GOX.0000000000004886Davari R, Pirzadeh A, Sattari F.Etiology and epidemiology of nasal bone fractures in patients referred to the otorhinolaryngology section, 2019.Int Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2023;27(02):e234-e239. doi:10.1055/s-0043-1768208Kim SW, Park B, Lee TG, Kim JY.Olfactory dysfunction in nasal bone fracture.Arch Craniofac Surg. 2017;18(2):92-96. doi:10.7181/acfs.2017.18.2.92Mount Sinai.Nose fracture information.Hwang K, Ki SJ, Ko SH.Etiology of nasal bone fractures.Journal of Craniofacial Surgery. 2017;28(3):785-788. doI:10.1097/SCS.0000000000003477Xiao CC, Kshirsagar RS, Hoerter JE, Rivero A.Sport and recreational causes of nasal bone fractures.Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2022;131(7):760-766. doI:10.1177/00034894211042446Xiao CC, Kshirsagar RS, Hoerter JE, Rivero A.Sport and recreational causes of nasal bone fractures.Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2022;131(7):760-766. doI:10.1177/00034894211042446Pham TT, Lester E, Grigorian A, Roditi RE, Nahmias JT.National analysis of risk factors for nasal fractures and associated injuries in trauma.Craniomaxillofacial Trauma & Reconstruction. 2019;12(3):221-227. doi:10.1055/s-0039-1677724Kelley B, Downey C, Stal S.Evaluation and reduction of nasal trauma.Seminars in Plastic Surgery. 2010;24(04):339-347. doi:10.1055/s-0030-1269763Wang Y, Bonaparte JP.Diagnosis and management of septal deviation and nasal valve collapse—a survey of Canadian otolaryngologists.J of Otolaryngol - Head & Neck Surg48, 71 (2019). doi:10.1186/s40463-019-0394-zKelley B, Downey C, Stal S.Evaluation and reduction of nasal trauma.Seminars in Plastic Surgery. 2010;24(04):339-347. doI:10.1055/s-0030-1269763Mutlu S, Yılmaz E.The effect of soft tissue injury cold application duration on symptoms, edema, joint mobility, and patient satisfaction: a randomized controlled trial.J Emerg Nurs. 2020;46(4):449-59. doi:10.1016/j.jen.2020.02.01Beck R, Sorge M, Schneider A, Dietz A.Current approaches to epistaxis treatment in primary and secondary care. Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2018;115(1-02):12-22. doi:10.3238/arztebl.2018.0012Pountos I, Georgouli T, Calori GM, Giannoudis PV.Do nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs affect bone healing? A critical analysis.The Scientific World Journal. 2012;2012:1-14. doi:10.1100/2012/606404Besmens IS, Shahrdar C, Fontein DBY, Knipper S, Giovanoli P, Lindenblatt N.Efficacy of closed reduction of nasal fractures—a retrospective analysis with focus on factors affecting functional and aesthetic outcomes.Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery. 2023;77:371-378. doI:10.1016/j.bjps.2022.11.010Lee YJ, Lee KT, Pyon JK.Finger reduction of nasal bone fracture under local anesthesia: outcomes and patient reported satisfaction.Arch Craniofac Surg. 2019;20(1):24-30. doi:10.7181/acfs.2018.02222Kim J, Jung HJ, Shim WS.Corrective septorhinoplasty in acute nasal bone fractures.Clin Exp Otorhinolaryngol. 2018;11(1):46-51. doi:10.21053/ceo.2017.00346Gujrathi R, Tang A, Thomas R, et al.Facial injury patterns in victims of intimate partner violence.Emerg Radiol. 2022;29(4):697-707. doi:10.1007/s10140-022-02052-2Patel Y, Goljan P, Pierce TP, et al.Management of nasal fractures in sports.Sports Med. 2017;47(10):1919-1923. doi:10.1007/s40279-017-0729-8Pham TT, Lester E, Grigorian A, Roditi RE, Nahmias JT.National analysis of risk factors for nasal fractures and associated injuries in trauma.Craniomaxillofacial Trauma & Reconstruction. 2019;12(3):221-227. doi:10.1055/s-0039-1677724
Verywell Health uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Read oureditorial processto learn more about how we fact-check and keep our content accurate, reliable, and trustworthy.
Pham TT, Lester E, Grigorian A, Roditi RE, Nahmias JT.National analysis of risk factors for nasal fractures and associated injuries in trauma.Craniomaxillofacial Trauma & Reconstruction. 2019;12(3):221-227. doI:10.1055/s-0039-1677724Vishwanath N, Rhee B, Sobti N, et al.The role of antibiotics in nasal fractures after closed reduction.Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery - Global Open. 2023;11(4):e4886. doI:10.1097/GOX.0000000000004886Davari R, Pirzadeh A, Sattari F.Etiology and epidemiology of nasal bone fractures in patients referred to the otorhinolaryngology section, 2019.Int Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2023;27(02):e234-e239. doi:10.1055/s-0043-1768208Kim SW, Park B, Lee TG, Kim JY.Olfactory dysfunction in nasal bone fracture.Arch Craniofac Surg. 2017;18(2):92-96. doi:10.7181/acfs.2017.18.2.92Mount Sinai.Nose fracture information.Hwang K, Ki SJ, Ko SH.Etiology of nasal bone fractures.Journal of Craniofacial Surgery. 2017;28(3):785-788. doI:10.1097/SCS.0000000000003477Xiao CC, Kshirsagar RS, Hoerter JE, Rivero A.Sport and recreational causes of nasal bone fractures.Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2022;131(7):760-766. doI:10.1177/00034894211042446Xiao CC, Kshirsagar RS, Hoerter JE, Rivero A.Sport and recreational causes of nasal bone fractures.Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2022;131(7):760-766. doI:10.1177/00034894211042446Pham TT, Lester E, Grigorian A, Roditi RE, Nahmias JT.National analysis of risk factors for nasal fractures and associated injuries in trauma.Craniomaxillofacial Trauma & Reconstruction. 2019;12(3):221-227. doi:10.1055/s-0039-1677724Kelley B, Downey C, Stal S.Evaluation and reduction of nasal trauma.Seminars in Plastic Surgery. 2010;24(04):339-347. doi:10.1055/s-0030-1269763Wang Y, Bonaparte JP.Diagnosis and management of septal deviation and nasal valve collapse—a survey of Canadian otolaryngologists.J of Otolaryngol - Head & Neck Surg48, 71 (2019). doi:10.1186/s40463-019-0394-zKelley B, Downey C, Stal S.Evaluation and reduction of nasal trauma.Seminars in Plastic Surgery. 2010;24(04):339-347. doI:10.1055/s-0030-1269763Mutlu S, Yılmaz E.The effect of soft tissue injury cold application duration on symptoms, edema, joint mobility, and patient satisfaction: a randomized controlled trial.J Emerg Nurs. 2020;46(4):449-59. doi:10.1016/j.jen.2020.02.01Beck R, Sorge M, Schneider A, Dietz A.Current approaches to epistaxis treatment in primary and secondary care. Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2018;115(1-02):12-22. doi:10.3238/arztebl.2018.0012Pountos I, Georgouli T, Calori GM, Giannoudis PV.Do nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs affect bone healing? A critical analysis.The Scientific World Journal. 2012;2012:1-14. doi:10.1100/2012/606404Besmens IS, Shahrdar C, Fontein DBY, Knipper S, Giovanoli P, Lindenblatt N.Efficacy of closed reduction of nasal fractures—a retrospective analysis with focus on factors affecting functional and aesthetic outcomes.Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery. 2023;77:371-378. doI:10.1016/j.bjps.2022.11.010Lee YJ, Lee KT, Pyon JK.Finger reduction of nasal bone fracture under local anesthesia: outcomes and patient reported satisfaction.Arch Craniofac Surg. 2019;20(1):24-30. doi:10.7181/acfs.2018.02222Kim J, Jung HJ, Shim WS.Corrective septorhinoplasty in acute nasal bone fractures.Clin Exp Otorhinolaryngol. 2018;11(1):46-51. doi:10.21053/ceo.2017.00346Gujrathi R, Tang A, Thomas R, et al.Facial injury patterns in victims of intimate partner violence.Emerg Radiol. 2022;29(4):697-707. doi:10.1007/s10140-022-02052-2Patel Y, Goljan P, Pierce TP, et al.Management of nasal fractures in sports.Sports Med. 2017;47(10):1919-1923. doi:10.1007/s40279-017-0729-8Pham TT, Lester E, Grigorian A, Roditi RE, Nahmias JT.National analysis of risk factors for nasal fractures and associated injuries in trauma.Craniomaxillofacial Trauma & Reconstruction. 2019;12(3):221-227. doi:10.1055/s-0039-1677724
Pham TT, Lester E, Grigorian A, Roditi RE, Nahmias JT.National analysis of risk factors for nasal fractures and associated injuries in trauma.Craniomaxillofacial Trauma & Reconstruction. 2019;12(3):221-227. doI:10.1055/s-0039-1677724
Vishwanath N, Rhee B, Sobti N, et al.The role of antibiotics in nasal fractures after closed reduction.Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery - Global Open. 2023;11(4):e4886. doI:10.1097/GOX.0000000000004886
Davari R, Pirzadeh A, Sattari F.Etiology and epidemiology of nasal bone fractures in patients referred to the otorhinolaryngology section, 2019.Int Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2023;27(02):e234-e239. doi:10.1055/s-0043-1768208
Kim SW, Park B, Lee TG, Kim JY.Olfactory dysfunction in nasal bone fracture.Arch Craniofac Surg. 2017;18(2):92-96. doi:10.7181/acfs.2017.18.2.92
Mount Sinai.Nose fracture information.
Hwang K, Ki SJ, Ko SH.Etiology of nasal bone fractures.Journal of Craniofacial Surgery. 2017;28(3):785-788. doI:10.1097/SCS.0000000000003477
Xiao CC, Kshirsagar RS, Hoerter JE, Rivero A.Sport and recreational causes of nasal bone fractures.Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2022;131(7):760-766. doI:10.1177/00034894211042446
Pham TT, Lester E, Grigorian A, Roditi RE, Nahmias JT.National analysis of risk factors for nasal fractures and associated injuries in trauma.Craniomaxillofacial Trauma & Reconstruction. 2019;12(3):221-227. doi:10.1055/s-0039-1677724
Kelley B, Downey C, Stal S.Evaluation and reduction of nasal trauma.Seminars in Plastic Surgery. 2010;24(04):339-347. doi:10.1055/s-0030-1269763
Wang Y, Bonaparte JP.Diagnosis and management of septal deviation and nasal valve collapse—a survey of Canadian otolaryngologists.J of Otolaryngol - Head & Neck Surg48, 71 (2019). doi:10.1186/s40463-019-0394-z
Kelley B, Downey C, Stal S.Evaluation and reduction of nasal trauma.Seminars in Plastic Surgery. 2010;24(04):339-347. doI:10.1055/s-0030-1269763
Mutlu S, Yılmaz E.The effect of soft tissue injury cold application duration on symptoms, edema, joint mobility, and patient satisfaction: a randomized controlled trial.J Emerg Nurs. 2020;46(4):449-59. doi:10.1016/j.jen.2020.02.01
Beck R, Sorge M, Schneider A, Dietz A.Current approaches to epistaxis treatment in primary and secondary care. Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2018;115(1-02):12-22. doi:10.3238/arztebl.2018.0012
Pountos I, Georgouli T, Calori GM, Giannoudis PV.Do nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs affect bone healing? A critical analysis.The Scientific World Journal. 2012;2012:1-14. doi:10.1100/2012/606404
Besmens IS, Shahrdar C, Fontein DBY, Knipper S, Giovanoli P, Lindenblatt N.Efficacy of closed reduction of nasal fractures—a retrospective analysis with focus on factors affecting functional and aesthetic outcomes.Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery. 2023;77:371-378. doI:10.1016/j.bjps.2022.11.010
Lee YJ, Lee KT, Pyon JK.Finger reduction of nasal bone fracture under local anesthesia: outcomes and patient reported satisfaction.Arch Craniofac Surg. 2019;20(1):24-30. doi:10.7181/acfs.2018.02222
Kim J, Jung HJ, Shim WS.Corrective septorhinoplasty in acute nasal bone fractures.Clin Exp Otorhinolaryngol. 2018;11(1):46-51. doi:10.21053/ceo.2017.00346
Gujrathi R, Tang A, Thomas R, et al.Facial injury patterns in victims of intimate partner violence.Emerg Radiol. 2022;29(4):697-707. doi:10.1007/s10140-022-02052-2
Patel Y, Goljan P, Pierce TP, et al.Management of nasal fractures in sports.Sports Med. 2017;47(10):1919-1923. doi:10.1007/s40279-017-0729-8
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