Table of ContentsView AllTable of ContentsSimilarities & DifferencesUsesDosageSide EffectsPrecautionsDrug Interactions
Table of ContentsView All
View All
Table of Contents
Similarities & Differences
Uses
Dosage
Side Effects
Precautions
Drug Interactions
Lovenox (enoxaparin) and heparin are both prescriptionblood thinnersprimarily used to prevent or treat certain types of blood clots, such aspulmonary embolisms(PEs) anddeep vein thrombosis(DVT).
While used for similar purposes, they have some differences, including their dosing schedules and how they are taken.They are both effective options, but understanding their differences can help determine which one might better suit you.
Getty Image /Bloomberg/ Contributor
Lovenox vs. Heparin: Key Similarities and Differences
Lovenox and heparin are injectable medications used to prevent and treat blood clots.
However, Lovenox is a type of medication called low molecular weight heparin (LMWH), and heparin is a type called unfractionated heparin (UFH).
The dose and frequency of administration may vary between the two drugs. Heparin requires frequent dosing and can be administered either through the vein (intravenously) or under the skin (subcutaneously).
In contrast, Lovenox is given once or twice daily and only administered subcutaneously (under the skin).
Heparin requires frequent monitoring ofblood-clotting testscompared to Lovenox, while Lovenox does not require regular blood draws to check blood-clotting levels. Both medications require regular checkups for signs and symptoms of bleeding, such as bruising or coughing up blood.
While used for similar purposes, there are cases in which one drug might be better than the other. For example, heparin might be better for people with low body weight or kidney problems. It’s important to talk to the healthcare provider to discuss what treatment suits each person based on their health conditions.
Low molecular weight heparin (LMWH)
Dosed once or twice daily
Given subcutaneously
Does not require regular blood tests
HeparinUnfractionated heparin (UFH)Requires more frequent dosingGiven intravenously or subcutaneouslyRequires frequent blood clotting testsUsually given in a clinical setting
Unfractionated heparin (UFH)
Requires more frequent dosing
Given intravenously or subcutaneously
Requires frequent blood clotting tests
Usually given in a clinical setting
Lovenox vs. Heparin: Uses
The FDA approved Lovenox for:
Heparin is indicated for:
How Do They Work?
Both medications have similar targets but stick to each target at different levels.
By blocking these proteins, heparin prevents the formation of large and harmful blood clots that can cause severe issues like strokes or heart attacks. Essentially, it keeps the blood flowing smoothly and prevents it from getting too sticky.
Lovenox has a more targeted approach to controlling blood clotting. It binds primarily to Factor Xa. It also blocks other proteins involved in clot formation but mainly focuses on Factor Xa. By disrupting this section of the cascade, Lovenox helps maintain thinner blood.
Dosage: How Are They Given?
Lovenox and heparin have different dosage forms, strengths, administration methods, and frequency.
Lovenox is available in prefilled syringes, multidose vials, and single-use vials in various strengths. In contrast, heparin is available in vials and premixed bags.
Lovenox is injected using a small needle just under the skin. It is typically given once or twice daily, depending on the indication. You can self-administer it at home with proper training from a healthcare provider.
Heparin is administered intravenously or subcutaneously, with the dosage adjusted based on body weight and blood test results. It is typically administered in a healthcare setting, such as a hospital or infusion center.
Your healthcare provider determines the duration and frequency of administration.
The length of treatment with blood thinners varies based on indication. Your provider will determine how long you receive treatment based on your medical condition.
Lovenox vs. Heparin: Which Is More Effective?
Researchers have conducted studies to compare the effectiveness of Lovenox and heparin. Overall, both medications are effective in treating and preventing blood clots.
Results from studies differ based on the medical condition being treated, as follows:
Always talk to your healthcare provider about which option is right for you. A medical expert will consider factors like your medical history, the reason for using the medication, cost, administration preferences, and potential side effects.
Lovenox and heparin, although they belong to the same class of medications, can exhibit some different side effects.
Common Side Effects
Lovenox and heparin are both blood-thinning medications used to prevent blood clots. It’s important to note that the side effects can vary from person to person, and not everyone will experience the same symptoms.
Here is a list of common side effects for Lovenox, heparin, and both.
Both:
Lovenox only:
Heparin only:
Severe Side Effects
While severe side effects are uncommon, it’s important to be aware of the potential risks. Keep in mind that these reactions are rare, and not everyone will experience them.
Severe side effects associated with both medications include:
Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia is a condition in which heparin or Lovenox can unexpectedly cause a lowplateletcount in the blood. Platelets are tiny cells that help the blood to clot. In HIT, the body attacks these platelets, leading to a risk of more blood clots forming instead of preventing them.
It’s essential to recognize and manage HIT promptly, as it can be a serious condition requiring adjustments in treatment to keep the blood clotting properly. Once an individual has experienced HIT, they will no longer be candidates to take either heparin or Lovenox.
Talking about precautions with your healthcare provider will help ensure you are given the right medication and take it safely. Certain groups of people might be able to take Lovenox or heparin.
Who Should Not Use Lovenox or Heparin?
People with the following indications should avoid Lovenox and heparin:
Additionally, people with severe kidney problems and low body weight should not use Lovenox.
What Increases the Risk of Side Effects?
To reduce the risk of side effects, the following precautions should be taken when on Lovenox and heparin:
Can You Take Lovenox or Heparin While Pregnant or Breastfeeding?
Both Lovenox and heparin are considered safe during pregnancy, especially for females with a higher risk of blood clots.
However, pregnant or breastfeeding individuals must consult with their healthcare provider, as the decision to use these medications during pregnancy depends on individual health conditions and the potential risks versus benefits.
12 Commonly Prescribed Blood Thinners
Knowing how different medications can interact is essential to make sure you use them safely and effectively.
Common pain-relieving medications, like aspirin ornonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs(NSAIDs) such as Advil or Motrin (ibuprofen), can increase the risk of bleeding. Using these medications while on heparin or Lovenox makes the bleeding effects stronger.
Other blood thinners, such as warfarin or apixiaban, can also increase the risk of bleeding. By using more than one blood thinner, multiple factors are making your blood less likely to clot, which could lead to excessive bleeding.
When taking a blood thinner, it is crucial to exercise caution with substances that may lead to falls, which can increase the risk of bleeding. In the event of a significant fall, seek prompt medical attention, as you could be at risk for internal bleeding.
These medications do not typically interact with alcohol.
Tell your healthcare provider about all the medications you take, including over-the-counter (OTC) or prescription medications, and dietary or herbal supplements.
This conversation can help prevent complications and ensure that the combination of medications is safe and effective for you. Always follow your healthcare provider’s advice and ask them about aspects of your medication that you’re unsure of.
Summary
Lovenox and heparin are both effective options to prevent and manage blood clots. They work similarly but have several differences, including their dosing and where they are administered.
Individuals must consult their healthcare providers for personalized recommendations and guidance when considering using Lovenox or heparin, as each person’s circumstances vary.
The author would like to recognize and thank Norma Ponce, PharmD, MHA, for contributing to this article.
9 SourcesVerywell Health uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Read oureditorial processto learn more about how we fact-check and keep our content accurate, reliable, and trustworthy.DailyMed.Label: Lovenox- enoxaparin sodium injection.DailyMed.Label: Heparin sodium injection.National Blood Clot Alliance.Low molecular weight heparin (LMWH).Silvain J, Beygui F, Barthélémy O, et al.Efficacy and safety of enoxaparin versus unfractionated heparin during percutaneous coronary intervention: systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ. 2012;344:e553. doi:10.1136/bmj.e553Laporte S, Liotier J, Bertoletti L, et al.Individual patient data meta-analysis of enoxaparin vs. unfractionated heparin for venous thromboembolism prevention in medical patients.J Thromb Haemost. 2011;9(3):464-472. doi:10.1111/j.1538-7836.2011.04182.xSherman DG, Albers GW, Bladin C, et al.The efficacy and safety of enoxaparin versus unfractionated heparin for the prevention of venous thromboembolism after acute ischaemic stroke (PREVAIL Study): an open-label randomised comparison.Lancet. 2007;369(9570):1347-1355. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(07)60633-3McLeod RS, Geerts WH, Sniderman KW, et al.Subcutaneous heparin versus low-molecular-weight heparin as thromboprophylaxis in patients undergoing colorectal surgery: results of the canadian colorectal DVT prophylaxis trial: a randomized, double-blind trial.Ann Surg. 2001;233(3):438-444. doi:10.1097/00000658-200103000-00020Lavi S, Cantor WJ, Casanova A, et al.Efficacy and safety of enoxaparin compared with unfractionated heparin in the pharmacoinvasive management of acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: insights from the TRANSFER-AMI trial.Am Heart J. 2012;163(2):176-181.e2. doi:10.1016/j.ahj.2011.10.015Gajic-Veljanoski O, Phua CW, Shah PS, Cheung AM.Effects of long-term low-molecular-weight heparin on fractures and bone density in non-pregnant adults: a systematic review with meta-analysis.J Gen Intern Med. 2016;31(8):947-957. doi:10.1007/s11606-016-3603-8
9 Sources
Verywell Health uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Read oureditorial processto learn more about how we fact-check and keep our content accurate, reliable, and trustworthy.DailyMed.Label: Lovenox- enoxaparin sodium injection.DailyMed.Label: Heparin sodium injection.National Blood Clot Alliance.Low molecular weight heparin (LMWH).Silvain J, Beygui F, Barthélémy O, et al.Efficacy and safety of enoxaparin versus unfractionated heparin during percutaneous coronary intervention: systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ. 2012;344:e553. doi:10.1136/bmj.e553Laporte S, Liotier J, Bertoletti L, et al.Individual patient data meta-analysis of enoxaparin vs. unfractionated heparin for venous thromboembolism prevention in medical patients.J Thromb Haemost. 2011;9(3):464-472. doi:10.1111/j.1538-7836.2011.04182.xSherman DG, Albers GW, Bladin C, et al.The efficacy and safety of enoxaparin versus unfractionated heparin for the prevention of venous thromboembolism after acute ischaemic stroke (PREVAIL Study): an open-label randomised comparison.Lancet. 2007;369(9570):1347-1355. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(07)60633-3McLeod RS, Geerts WH, Sniderman KW, et al.Subcutaneous heparin versus low-molecular-weight heparin as thromboprophylaxis in patients undergoing colorectal surgery: results of the canadian colorectal DVT prophylaxis trial: a randomized, double-blind trial.Ann Surg. 2001;233(3):438-444. doi:10.1097/00000658-200103000-00020Lavi S, Cantor WJ, Casanova A, et al.Efficacy and safety of enoxaparin compared with unfractionated heparin in the pharmacoinvasive management of acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: insights from the TRANSFER-AMI trial.Am Heart J. 2012;163(2):176-181.e2. doi:10.1016/j.ahj.2011.10.015Gajic-Veljanoski O, Phua CW, Shah PS, Cheung AM.Effects of long-term low-molecular-weight heparin on fractures and bone density in non-pregnant adults: a systematic review with meta-analysis.J Gen Intern Med. 2016;31(8):947-957. doi:10.1007/s11606-016-3603-8
Verywell Health uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Read oureditorial processto learn more about how we fact-check and keep our content accurate, reliable, and trustworthy.
DailyMed.Label: Lovenox- enoxaparin sodium injection.DailyMed.Label: Heparin sodium injection.National Blood Clot Alliance.Low molecular weight heparin (LMWH).Silvain J, Beygui F, Barthélémy O, et al.Efficacy and safety of enoxaparin versus unfractionated heparin during percutaneous coronary intervention: systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ. 2012;344:e553. doi:10.1136/bmj.e553Laporte S, Liotier J, Bertoletti L, et al.Individual patient data meta-analysis of enoxaparin vs. unfractionated heparin for venous thromboembolism prevention in medical patients.J Thromb Haemost. 2011;9(3):464-472. doi:10.1111/j.1538-7836.2011.04182.xSherman DG, Albers GW, Bladin C, et al.The efficacy and safety of enoxaparin versus unfractionated heparin for the prevention of venous thromboembolism after acute ischaemic stroke (PREVAIL Study): an open-label randomised comparison.Lancet. 2007;369(9570):1347-1355. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(07)60633-3McLeod RS, Geerts WH, Sniderman KW, et al.Subcutaneous heparin versus low-molecular-weight heparin as thromboprophylaxis in patients undergoing colorectal surgery: results of the canadian colorectal DVT prophylaxis trial: a randomized, double-blind trial.Ann Surg. 2001;233(3):438-444. doi:10.1097/00000658-200103000-00020Lavi S, Cantor WJ, Casanova A, et al.Efficacy and safety of enoxaparin compared with unfractionated heparin in the pharmacoinvasive management of acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: insights from the TRANSFER-AMI trial.Am Heart J. 2012;163(2):176-181.e2. doi:10.1016/j.ahj.2011.10.015Gajic-Veljanoski O, Phua CW, Shah PS, Cheung AM.Effects of long-term low-molecular-weight heparin on fractures and bone density in non-pregnant adults: a systematic review with meta-analysis.J Gen Intern Med. 2016;31(8):947-957. doi:10.1007/s11606-016-3603-8
DailyMed.Label: Lovenox- enoxaparin sodium injection.
DailyMed.Label: Heparin sodium injection.
National Blood Clot Alliance.Low molecular weight heparin (LMWH).
Silvain J, Beygui F, Barthélémy O, et al.Efficacy and safety of enoxaparin versus unfractionated heparin during percutaneous coronary intervention: systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ. 2012;344:e553. doi:10.1136/bmj.e553
Laporte S, Liotier J, Bertoletti L, et al.Individual patient data meta-analysis of enoxaparin vs. unfractionated heparin for venous thromboembolism prevention in medical patients.J Thromb Haemost. 2011;9(3):464-472. doi:10.1111/j.1538-7836.2011.04182.x
Sherman DG, Albers GW, Bladin C, et al.The efficacy and safety of enoxaparin versus unfractionated heparin for the prevention of venous thromboembolism after acute ischaemic stroke (PREVAIL Study): an open-label randomised comparison.Lancet. 2007;369(9570):1347-1355. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(07)60633-3
McLeod RS, Geerts WH, Sniderman KW, et al.Subcutaneous heparin versus low-molecular-weight heparin as thromboprophylaxis in patients undergoing colorectal surgery: results of the canadian colorectal DVT prophylaxis trial: a randomized, double-blind trial.Ann Surg. 2001;233(3):438-444. doi:10.1097/00000658-200103000-00020
Lavi S, Cantor WJ, Casanova A, et al.Efficacy and safety of enoxaparin compared with unfractionated heparin in the pharmacoinvasive management of acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: insights from the TRANSFER-AMI trial.Am Heart J. 2012;163(2):176-181.e2. doi:10.1016/j.ahj.2011.10.015
Gajic-Veljanoski O, Phua CW, Shah PS, Cheung AM.Effects of long-term low-molecular-weight heparin on fractures and bone density in non-pregnant adults: a systematic review with meta-analysis.J Gen Intern Med. 2016;31(8):947-957. doi:10.1007/s11606-016-3603-8
Meet Our Medical Expert Board
Share Feedback
Was this page helpful?Thanks for your feedback!What is your feedback?OtherHelpfulReport an ErrorSubmit
Was this page helpful?
Thanks for your feedback!
What is your feedback?OtherHelpfulReport an ErrorSubmit
What is your feedback?
