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Common Symptoms
Complications
When to See a Healthcare Provider
Frequently Asked Questions
Next in Lymphoma Guide
Lymphomasymptoms are common to a group of blood cancers that affectlymphocytes, a type ofwhite blood cell. Common early symptoms of lymphoma include fever, night sweats, and unexplained weight loss.
These and other symptoms are associated withHodgkin lymphoma (HL), accounting for about 10% of all lymphoma cases in the United States, or withnon-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL)in the majority of cases.
This article discusses lymphoma symptoms and how they present with both HL and NHL lymphoma types. It also explains what they feel like in different parts of the body, and when it is important to see a healthcare provider for your symptoms.
Verywell / Brianna Gilmartin
Understanding the Lymphatic SystemThere are key organs that are a part of your lymphatic system. It is composed of:Lymph nodesSpleenTonsilsThymus glandBone marrow
Understanding the Lymphatic System
There are key organs that are a part of your lymphatic system. It is composed of:Lymph nodesSpleenTonsilsThymus glandBone marrow
There are key organs that are a part of your lymphatic system. It is composed of:
Frequent Lymphoma Symptoms
Lymphoma symptoms often are non-specific and can be confused with other, less serious diseases. The warning signs of lymphoma are often subtle and it may take months or years before you realize that anything is wrong. Even so, if you think you may have lymphoma or have a family history of the disease, you can watch for symptoms, including:
For unknown reasons, lymphoma can cause lymph node pain immediately after drinking alcohol.
The Most Common Early Symptom of LymphomaOf all of the symptoms of lymphoma, lymphadenopathy is the central defining feature. The swollen nodes are usually firm, rubbery, and movable in the surrounding tissues. It is rarely painful, but tender lymph nodes associated with viral infections are often painful.
The Most Common Early Symptom of Lymphoma
Of all of the symptoms of lymphoma, lymphadenopathy is the central defining feature. The swollen nodes are usually firm, rubbery, and movable in the surrounding tissues. It is rarely painful, but tender lymph nodes associated with viral infections are often painful.
Progression and Types
The way the disease develops and its location differs between lymphoma subtypes.
The very fact that you have persistently swollen lymph nodes should prompt you to see a healthcare provider.
The distinction between HL and NHL is made with microscopic examination ofbiopsied tissue. HL features abnormal cells with two nuclei, called Reed-Sternberg cells, that aren’t found in NHL.Despite the cellular differences, HL and NHL have many of the same symptoms, particularly in the early stages of the disease.
Two main categories of extranodal lymphoma are:
The definition of extranodal can differ slightly based on whether HL or NHL is involved. With HL, the spleen, tonsils, and thymus are considered nodal sites. By contrast, these same organs are considered extranodal with NHL.
Gastrointestinal Tract
The stomach and small intestine are the first and second most common sites for extranodal lymphoma.
Symptoms of gastrointestinal (GI) lymphoma may include:
GI Lymphoma TypesPrimary NHL is the usual culprit in GI lymphomas, with most stomach lymphomas linked to a type known asmucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma.NHL types affecting the small intestine include MALT,mantle cell lymphoma,Burkitt lymphoma, andenteropathy-associated lymphoma.
GI Lymphoma Types
Primary NHL is the usual culprit in GI lymphomas, with most stomach lymphomas linked to a type known asmucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma.NHL types affecting the small intestine include MALT,mantle cell lymphoma,Burkitt lymphoma, andenteropathy-associated lymphoma.
Skin
Cutaneous (skin) lymphoma occurs with both HL and NHL. Around 25% of nodal lymphomas will manifest with skin symptoms, and 65% of all cutaneous NHL cases will be attributed to a subtype known as cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. One of the most common subtypes ismycosis fungoides.
Symptoms of cutaneous lymphoma may include:
What Does a Lymphoma Rash Look Like?
Hodgkin Lymphoma and Rash: What’s the Link?
Bone and Bone Marrow
The primary involvement of the bone in NHL is classified as Stage 1 lymphoma. Secondary involvement with widespread (disseminated) disease is consideredStage 4.
When lymphoma affects the bone marrow, it can drastically impair the production of red and white blood cells, causinganemia(low red blood cells) andthrombocytopenia(low platelets). It also suppresses leukocytes (white blood cells) produced in the bone marrow, leading to leukopenia.
Symptoms of bone lymphoma include:
If the spine is involved, lymphoma can cause numbness, weakness, and loss of bladder or bowel control.
Central Nervous System
Lymphomas of the central nervous system (CNS) represent between 7% and 15% of all brain cancers. They are usually classified as B-cell lymphoma and occur most commonly inimmunocompromised people, such as those with advanced HIV infection.
Symptoms of primary or secondary CNS lymphoma include:
Lungs
Pulmonary (lung) lymphoma is a rare disease and it is more common with HL than NHL. Secondary involvement of lung in lymphomas is more common than primary lung lymphoma in both NHL and HL. Mediastinal lymph nodes may be involved in both HL and NHL.
Symptoms of pulmonary lymphoma are often non-specific in the earlystages of the diseaseand may include:
Advanced pulmonary lymphoma may also includeatelectasis(a collapsed lung) orpleural effusion(fluid around the lungs). By this stage of the disease, the lungs are usually not the only organs involved.
Liver
Primary liver lymphoma is extremely rare and almost exclusively associated with NHL. Secondary liver involvement affects 15% of people with NHL and 10% of those with HL. In most cases, the malignancy will have spread from the retroperitoneal lymph nodes (behind the abdominal cavity) to the liver.
Symptoms of liver lymphoma are often mild and non-specific and may include:
Kidneys and Adrenal Glands
Primary lymphoma of thekidneysandadrenal glandsis rare. Primary or secondary kidney lymphoma often mimicsrenal cell carcinoma, a type of cancer that starts in the small tubes of the kidney.
Kidney lymphoma causes symptoms such as:
Lymphoma of the adrenal glands will typically manifest with adrenal insufficiency, also known asAddison’s disease.
Genitals
Testicular lymphomaaccounts for around 5% of all abnormal growth in the testicles. It typically manifests with painless swelling, usually in one testicle only. What makes testicular lymphoma especially concerning is that it tends to involve aggressive B-cell lymphomas that move quickly into the central nervous system.
Females can develop lymphoma in tissues surrounding the genitals, known as the adnexa. Genital involvement in females is rare, although cases involving the cervix and uterus have been reported.
Lymphoma Complications
Lymphoma weakens the immune system and can lead to serious long-term complications.
While modern therapies have affordednear-normal life expectanciesin people with lymphoma, ongoing exposure tochemotherapy drugsmay trigger the early development of aging-related diseases, such as cancer, heart disease, hormonal disorders, and infertility.
Cancer
Secondary cancers, including leukemia and solid tumors, are among the leading causes of death in people with lymphoma.Leukemia, a related blood cancer, can develop years and even decades after exposure to alkylating chemotherapy drugs, and between 70% and 80% of all secondary solid tumors occur in people with previous exposure to combinedradiationand chemotherapy.
Breast canceroften occurs between 10 and 15 years after chest irradiation, particularly if radiation treatment happened before age 35.Lung cancerrates are higher in people with HL who are smokers and have previously undergone radiation and/or chemotherapy.
Heart Disease
Heart disease is believed to be the leading, non-cancer cause of death in people with lymphoma. Among the chief concerns iscoronary artery disease (CAD), which occurs up to five times more often than in the general population. Most CAD cases develop between 10 and 25 years after exposure to chest radiation therapy for lymphoma.
Similarly, radiation to the neck is associated with up to a five-fold increase in stroke risk.
Hormonal Disorders and Infertility
As a disease that often affects organs of theendocrine system, lymphoma may cause hormonal imbalances or insufficiencies that can persist for years following successful treatment of the disease.
The most common complication ishypothyroidism(low thyroid function), affecting as many as 60% of people with HL. The risk of hypothyroidism is directly related to the amount of radiation used to treat the disease, particularly in advanced, late-stage lymphoma.
Infertility is a common consequence for people with lymphoma.
As many as 50% of females treated with BEACOPP chemotherapy will experience abnormal menstrual cycles, while 89% of males will develop azoospermia (the absence of motile sperm).
Other chemotherapy regimens (such asAVBD) are less likely to cause infertility. By and large, males and females with chemotherapy-induced infertility will experience restored fertility after the completion of therapy, although some may end up experiencing permanent sterility.
Prognosis With a Lymphoma DiagnosisThe outlook after treatment for lymphoma will depend on the lymphoma type (there are some 70 kinds) and the stage at which it is diagnosed. For people with early-stage (localized) NHL of the common diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), the 5-year survival rate is 74%.For early-stage HL, the 5-year survival rate is 92%.
Prognosis With a Lymphoma Diagnosis
The outlook after treatment for lymphoma will depend on the lymphoma type (there are some 70 kinds) and the stage at which it is diagnosed. For people with early-stage (localized) NHL of the common diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), the 5-year survival rate is 74%.For early-stage HL, the 5-year survival rate is 92%.
How Lymphoma Is Treated
Lymphoma symptoms aren’t always present in early stages, and overt symptoms develop only when the disease is advanced. The most telling clue—persistent lymphadenopathy with no known cause—should warrant prompt medical attention.
However, in cases where the disease is confined to the chest or abdomen, you may have no visible signs of lymphadenopathy at all. Moreover, the so-called “B” symptoms (fever, night sweats, weight loss) are often mistaken for other conditions.
Risk Factors
If you believe you’re at risk for lymphoma, it pays to be proactive and get any symptoms checked out early.
Your risk is elevated if:
Your lymphoma risk also increases with age.
Radiation & ChemotherapyPrevious exposure to radiation and chemotherapy increases your lymphoma risk. Even people with HL who were previously treated with radiation and chemotherapy run an increased risk of developing NHL in later years.
Radiation & Chemotherapy
Previous exposure to radiation and chemotherapy increases your lymphoma risk. Even people with HL who were previously treated with radiation and chemotherapy run an increased risk of developing NHL in later years.
Causes of Hodgkin and Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
A Word From Verywell
While risk factors can often point you in the direction of lymphoma diagnosis, anyone can get the disease, even without having risk factors. To this end, the most important thing you can do is to never ignore symptoms that persist. Let your healthcare provider know of your concerns.
Frequently Asked QuestionsResearchers haven’t uncovered the exact cause(s) of lymphoma, but they believe genetics, environmental and lifestyle factors, and certain infections all play a role. Other factors associated with an increased risk of getting certain types of lymphoma include age, gender, body weight, and geographical location.Learn MoreLymphoma Risk Factors: Age, Infections, ExposuresIf your healthcare provider suspects that you might have lymphoma based on your symptoms, history, and a physical exam, they’ll likely order certain blood tests and imaging studies to look for signs of cancer. A lymph node biopsy is the gold standard for diagnosis and can confirm whether cancer cells are present.Learn MoreHow Lymphoma Is DiagnosedMost symptoms of lymphoma are similar in adults and children. They include swollen lymph nodes, night sweats, weight loss, and difficulty breathing. Your child also may have a swollen belly. Burkitt lymphoma commonly affects children. Contact your healthcare provider for a diagnosis of any suspect symptoms.Learn MoreSymptoms of Burkitt Lymphoma
Researchers haven’t uncovered the exact cause(s) of lymphoma, but they believe genetics, environmental and lifestyle factors, and certain infections all play a role. Other factors associated with an increased risk of getting certain types of lymphoma include age, gender, body weight, and geographical location.Learn MoreLymphoma Risk Factors: Age, Infections, Exposures
Researchers haven’t uncovered the exact cause(s) of lymphoma, but they believe genetics, environmental and lifestyle factors, and certain infections all play a role. Other factors associated with an increased risk of getting certain types of lymphoma include age, gender, body weight, and geographical location.
Learn MoreLymphoma Risk Factors: Age, Infections, Exposures
If your healthcare provider suspects that you might have lymphoma based on your symptoms, history, and a physical exam, they’ll likely order certain blood tests and imaging studies to look for signs of cancer. A lymph node biopsy is the gold standard for diagnosis and can confirm whether cancer cells are present.Learn MoreHow Lymphoma Is Diagnosed
If your healthcare provider suspects that you might have lymphoma based on your symptoms, history, and a physical exam, they’ll likely order certain blood tests and imaging studies to look for signs of cancer. A lymph node biopsy is the gold standard for diagnosis and can confirm whether cancer cells are present.
Learn MoreHow Lymphoma Is Diagnosed
Most symptoms of lymphoma are similar in adults and children. They include swollen lymph nodes, night sweats, weight loss, and difficulty breathing. Your child also may have a swollen belly. Burkitt lymphoma commonly affects children. Contact your healthcare provider for a diagnosis of any suspect symptoms.Learn MoreSymptoms of Burkitt Lymphoma
Most symptoms of lymphoma are similar in adults and children. They include swollen lymph nodes, night sweats, weight loss, and difficulty breathing. Your child also may have a swollen belly. Burkitt lymphoma commonly affects children. Contact your healthcare provider for a diagnosis of any suspect symptoms.
Learn MoreSymptoms of Burkitt Lymphoma
20 SourcesVerywell Health uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Read oureditorial processto learn more about how we fact-check and keep our content accurate, reliable, and trustworthy.Swerdlow SH, Campo E, Pileri SA, et al.The 2016 revision of the World Health Organization classification of lymphoid neoplasms.Blood. 2016;127(20):2375-90. doi:10.1182/blood-2016-01-643569Shanbhag S, Ambinder RF.Hodgkin lymphoma: A review and update on recent progress.CA Cancer J Clin. 2018;68(2):116-132. doi:10.3322/caac.21438American Cancer Society.Signs and symptoms of Hodgkin lymphoma.American Cancer Society.What is non-Hodgkin lymphoma?National Organization for Rare Disorders.Primary gastric lymphoma.National Organization for Rare Disorders.Cutaneous T-cell lymphomas.American Cancer Society.Signs and symptoms of skin lymphoma.American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons.Primary lymphoma of bone.Malikova H, Burghardtova M, Koubska E, Mandys V, Kozak T, Weichet J.Secondary central nervous system lymphoma: spectrum of morphological MRI appearances.Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2018;14:733-740. doi:10.2147/NDT.S157959Cherian SV, Thampy E, Mauzo SH.Primary pulmonary lymphoma: a case of ‘unresolving pneumonia’.Am J Med. 2014;127(3):e3-4. doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2013.09.034Han SH, Maeng YH, Kim YS, et al.Primary anaplastic large cell lymphoma of the lung presenting with acute atelectasis.Thorac Cancer.2014;5(1):78-81. doi:10.1111/1759-7714.12027Padhan RK, Das P, Shalimar.Primary hepatic lymphoma[published correction appears in Trop Gastroenterol. 2015 Apr-Jun;36(2):144].Trop Gastroenterol. 2015;36(1):14-20. doi:10.7869/tg.239Chaudhari D, Khan S, Saleem A, et al.Obstructive jaundice as an initial manifestation of non-hodgkin lymphoma: treatment dilemma and high mortality.Case Rep Med. 2013;2013:259642. doi:10.1155/2013/259642American Cancer Society.Kidney cancer signs and symptoms.Boltežar L, Pintarić K, Jezeršek Novaković B.Fertility in young patients following treatment for Hodgkin’s lymphoma: a single center survey.J Assist Reprod Genet.2016;33(3):325-333. doi:10.1007/s10815-015-0636-6American Cancer Society.Survival Rates and Factors That Affect Prognosis (Outlook) for Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma.American Cancer Society.Survival Rates for Hodgkin Lymphoma.American Cancer Society.Non-Hodgkin lymphoma risk factors.American Cancer Society.Hodgkin lymphoma diagnosis | tests for hodgkin lymphoma.Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center.Pediatric Lymphoma Symptoms.Additional ReadingDas J, Ray S, Sen S, Chandy M.Extranodal involvement in lymphoma - A pictorial essay and retrospective analysis of 281 PET/CT studies.Asia Ocean J Nucl Med Biol. 2014;2(1):42-56.
20 Sources
Verywell Health uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Read oureditorial processto learn more about how we fact-check and keep our content accurate, reliable, and trustworthy.Swerdlow SH, Campo E, Pileri SA, et al.The 2016 revision of the World Health Organization classification of lymphoid neoplasms.Blood. 2016;127(20):2375-90. doi:10.1182/blood-2016-01-643569Shanbhag S, Ambinder RF.Hodgkin lymphoma: A review and update on recent progress.CA Cancer J Clin. 2018;68(2):116-132. doi:10.3322/caac.21438American Cancer Society.Signs and symptoms of Hodgkin lymphoma.American Cancer Society.What is non-Hodgkin lymphoma?National Organization for Rare Disorders.Primary gastric lymphoma.National Organization for Rare Disorders.Cutaneous T-cell lymphomas.American Cancer Society.Signs and symptoms of skin lymphoma.American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons.Primary lymphoma of bone.Malikova H, Burghardtova M, Koubska E, Mandys V, Kozak T, Weichet J.Secondary central nervous system lymphoma: spectrum of morphological MRI appearances.Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2018;14:733-740. doi:10.2147/NDT.S157959Cherian SV, Thampy E, Mauzo SH.Primary pulmonary lymphoma: a case of ‘unresolving pneumonia’.Am J Med. 2014;127(3):e3-4. doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2013.09.034Han SH, Maeng YH, Kim YS, et al.Primary anaplastic large cell lymphoma of the lung presenting with acute atelectasis.Thorac Cancer.2014;5(1):78-81. doi:10.1111/1759-7714.12027Padhan RK, Das P, Shalimar.Primary hepatic lymphoma[published correction appears in Trop Gastroenterol. 2015 Apr-Jun;36(2):144].Trop Gastroenterol. 2015;36(1):14-20. doi:10.7869/tg.239Chaudhari D, Khan S, Saleem A, et al.Obstructive jaundice as an initial manifestation of non-hodgkin lymphoma: treatment dilemma and high mortality.Case Rep Med. 2013;2013:259642. doi:10.1155/2013/259642American Cancer Society.Kidney cancer signs and symptoms.Boltežar L, Pintarić K, Jezeršek Novaković B.Fertility in young patients following treatment for Hodgkin’s lymphoma: a single center survey.J Assist Reprod Genet.2016;33(3):325-333. doi:10.1007/s10815-015-0636-6American Cancer Society.Survival Rates and Factors That Affect Prognosis (Outlook) for Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma.American Cancer Society.Survival Rates for Hodgkin Lymphoma.American Cancer Society.Non-Hodgkin lymphoma risk factors.American Cancer Society.Hodgkin lymphoma diagnosis | tests for hodgkin lymphoma.Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center.Pediatric Lymphoma Symptoms.Additional ReadingDas J, Ray S, Sen S, Chandy M.Extranodal involvement in lymphoma - A pictorial essay and retrospective analysis of 281 PET/CT studies.Asia Ocean J Nucl Med Biol. 2014;2(1):42-56.
Verywell Health uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Read oureditorial processto learn more about how we fact-check and keep our content accurate, reliable, and trustworthy.
Swerdlow SH, Campo E, Pileri SA, et al.The 2016 revision of the World Health Organization classification of lymphoid neoplasms.Blood. 2016;127(20):2375-90. doi:10.1182/blood-2016-01-643569Shanbhag S, Ambinder RF.Hodgkin lymphoma: A review and update on recent progress.CA Cancer J Clin. 2018;68(2):116-132. doi:10.3322/caac.21438American Cancer Society.Signs and symptoms of Hodgkin lymphoma.American Cancer Society.What is non-Hodgkin lymphoma?National Organization for Rare Disorders.Primary gastric lymphoma.National Organization for Rare Disorders.Cutaneous T-cell lymphomas.American Cancer Society.Signs and symptoms of skin lymphoma.American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons.Primary lymphoma of bone.Malikova H, Burghardtova M, Koubska E, Mandys V, Kozak T, Weichet J.Secondary central nervous system lymphoma: spectrum of morphological MRI appearances.Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2018;14:733-740. doi:10.2147/NDT.S157959Cherian SV, Thampy E, Mauzo SH.Primary pulmonary lymphoma: a case of ‘unresolving pneumonia’.Am J Med. 2014;127(3):e3-4. doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2013.09.034Han SH, Maeng YH, Kim YS, et al.Primary anaplastic large cell lymphoma of the lung presenting with acute atelectasis.Thorac Cancer.2014;5(1):78-81. doi:10.1111/1759-7714.12027Padhan RK, Das P, Shalimar.Primary hepatic lymphoma[published correction appears in Trop Gastroenterol. 2015 Apr-Jun;36(2):144].Trop Gastroenterol. 2015;36(1):14-20. doi:10.7869/tg.239Chaudhari D, Khan S, Saleem A, et al.Obstructive jaundice as an initial manifestation of non-hodgkin lymphoma: treatment dilemma and high mortality.Case Rep Med. 2013;2013:259642. doi:10.1155/2013/259642American Cancer Society.Kidney cancer signs and symptoms.Boltežar L, Pintarić K, Jezeršek Novaković B.Fertility in young patients following treatment for Hodgkin’s lymphoma: a single center survey.J Assist Reprod Genet.2016;33(3):325-333. doi:10.1007/s10815-015-0636-6American Cancer Society.Survival Rates and Factors That Affect Prognosis (Outlook) for Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma.American Cancer Society.Survival Rates for Hodgkin Lymphoma.American Cancer Society.Non-Hodgkin lymphoma risk factors.American Cancer Society.Hodgkin lymphoma diagnosis | tests for hodgkin lymphoma.Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center.Pediatric Lymphoma Symptoms.
Swerdlow SH, Campo E, Pileri SA, et al.The 2016 revision of the World Health Organization classification of lymphoid neoplasms.Blood. 2016;127(20):2375-90. doi:10.1182/blood-2016-01-643569
Shanbhag S, Ambinder RF.Hodgkin lymphoma: A review and update on recent progress.CA Cancer J Clin. 2018;68(2):116-132. doi:10.3322/caac.21438
American Cancer Society.Signs and symptoms of Hodgkin lymphoma.
American Cancer Society.What is non-Hodgkin lymphoma?
National Organization for Rare Disorders.Primary gastric lymphoma.
National Organization for Rare Disorders.Cutaneous T-cell lymphomas.
American Cancer Society.Signs and symptoms of skin lymphoma.
American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons.Primary lymphoma of bone.
Malikova H, Burghardtova M, Koubska E, Mandys V, Kozak T, Weichet J.Secondary central nervous system lymphoma: spectrum of morphological MRI appearances.Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2018;14:733-740. doi:10.2147/NDT.S157959
Cherian SV, Thampy E, Mauzo SH.Primary pulmonary lymphoma: a case of ‘unresolving pneumonia’.Am J Med. 2014;127(3):e3-4. doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2013.09.034
Han SH, Maeng YH, Kim YS, et al.Primary anaplastic large cell lymphoma of the lung presenting with acute atelectasis.Thorac Cancer.2014;5(1):78-81. doi:10.1111/1759-7714.12027
Padhan RK, Das P, Shalimar.Primary hepatic lymphoma[published correction appears in Trop Gastroenterol. 2015 Apr-Jun;36(2):144].Trop Gastroenterol. 2015;36(1):14-20. doi:10.7869/tg.239
Chaudhari D, Khan S, Saleem A, et al.Obstructive jaundice as an initial manifestation of non-hodgkin lymphoma: treatment dilemma and high mortality.Case Rep Med. 2013;2013:259642. doi:10.1155/2013/259642
American Cancer Society.Kidney cancer signs and symptoms.
Boltežar L, Pintarić K, Jezeršek Novaković B.Fertility in young patients following treatment for Hodgkin’s lymphoma: a single center survey.J Assist Reprod Genet.2016;33(3):325-333. doi:10.1007/s10815-015-0636-6
American Cancer Society.Survival Rates and Factors That Affect Prognosis (Outlook) for Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma.
American Cancer Society.Survival Rates for Hodgkin Lymphoma.
American Cancer Society.Non-Hodgkin lymphoma risk factors.
American Cancer Society.Hodgkin lymphoma diagnosis | tests for hodgkin lymphoma.
Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center.Pediatric Lymphoma Symptoms.
Das J, Ray S, Sen S, Chandy M.Extranodal involvement in lymphoma - A pictorial essay and retrospective analysis of 281 PET/CT studies.Asia Ocean J Nucl Med Biol. 2014;2(1):42-56.
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