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According to the legislation itself, the stated goal of HIPAA was “to improve portability and continuity of health insurance coverage in the group and individual markets, to combat waste, fraud, and abuse in health insurance and health care delivery, to promote the use of medical savings accounts, to improve access to long-term care services and coverage, to simplify the administration of health insurance, and for other purposes.” Although HIPAA is a wide-ranging law that affected many aspects of Americans’ health coverage, it’s often misunderstood as being just about information privacy....

Table of ContentsView AllTable of ContentsWhat Are Hirsutism Symptoms?What Causes Hirsutism?How Is Hirsutism Diagnosed?How Is Hirsutism Treated?What Is the Prognosis for Hirsutism?How to Cope With Hirsutism Table of ContentsView All View All Table of Contents What Are Hirsutism Symptoms? What Causes Hirsutism? How Is Hirsutism Diagnosed? How Is Hirsutism Treated? What Is the Prognosis for Hirsutism? How to Cope With Hirsutism Hirsutism—also known as excessive hair growth—is a condition that occurs in 5 to 10% of females....

Table of ContentsView AllTable of ContentsSymptomsCausesDiagnosisTreatment Table of ContentsView All View All Table of Contents Symptoms Causes Diagnosis Treatment Histamineintolerance occurs when the body can’t process high levels of histamine, a chemical that causes runny nose, headaches, congestion, and other symptoms. While histamine is best known as the chemical the immune system produces in response to an allergic or inflammatory reaction, it also communicates important information to the brain and plays a role indigestion....

Table of ContentsView AllTable of ContentsTraitsCausesDiagnosisTreatmentCoping Table of ContentsView All View All Table of Contents Traits Causes Diagnosis Treatment Coping What Is a Personality Disorder? FangXiaNuo / Getty Images The main characteristic of people with HPD is that they often act in a very emotional and dramatic way that draws attention to themselves. It may be hard to recognize someone with this personality disorder because they are often high-functioning individuals who perform well at work and in school....

Table of ContentsView AllTable of ContentsUsesBefore TakingDosageSide EffectsWarnings & Interactions Table of ContentsView All View All Table of Contents Uses Before Taking Dosage Side Effects Warnings & Interactions 802290022 / Getty Images PrEP is not intended for everyone but is rather used in people who are at high risk of HIV infection. This includesserodiscordant couplesin which one partner isHIV-positiveand the other isHIV-negative. Taking PrEP does not mean you can stopusing condomsor avoid traditional risk-reduction strategies....

Table of ContentsView AllTable of ContentsOriginDistributionVirulence and PathogenicityDiagnosisTreatment Table of ContentsView All View All Table of Contents Origin Distribution Virulence and Pathogenicity Diagnosis Treatment Thehuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV)comes in two types: HIV-1 and HIV-2. HIV-2 was discovered in 1986—about five years after HIV-1 was found to be the virus behind acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). HIV-2 is mainly confined to western Africa. While HIV-2 has some of the same characteristics asHIV-1,it differs in its origin, genetic makeup, distribution, virulence, and pathogenicity (ability to cause disease)....

Table of ContentsView AllTable of ContentsHIV and AIDSCausesSymptomsDiagnosisHow Is HIV Spread?TreatmentComplicationsSupportPrognosisNext in HIV/AIDS GuideHIV Symptoms at Each Stage Table of ContentsView All View All Table of Contents HIV and AIDS Causes Symptoms Diagnosis How Is HIV Spread? Treatment Complications Support Prognosis Next in HIV/AIDS Guide HIV is mainly transmitted through anal or vaginal sex. But it can also be transmitted when people who inject drugs share needles, from a pregnant person to a fetus during pregnancy or childbirth, or from a breastfeeding parent to a nursing infant....

Table of ContentsView AllTable of ContentsDefinition of HoardingSymptomsDiagnosisCausesTypes of HoardingTreatmentCoping Table of ContentsView All View All Table of Contents Definition of Hoarding Symptoms Diagnosis Causes Types of Hoarding Treatment Coping PhotoAlto/Frederic Cirou / Getty Images People with hoarding disorder excessively save items that others may view as worthless. As a result, items are cluttered inside a home until rooms and furniture can no longer be used as intended. This can lead to unsafe and unsanitary conditions (including fire hazards and tripping hazards) for the hoarder, who may be unable to acknowledge and address their problem....

Table of ContentsView AllTable of ContentsMeaningHow It WorksExamplesSignificance Table of ContentsView All View All Table of Contents Meaning How It Works Examples Significance This article defines the meaning of homeostasis, describes how the concept originated, explains how these physiological processes work vianegative feedback loops, and details why maintaining a “milieu intérieur” (constant internal environment) is essential for all living things. Westend61 / Getty Images Homeostasis is a term derived from the Greek words “homeo” (meaning similar to) and “stasis” (meaning standing still)....

Table of ContentsView AllTable of ContentsSymptomsCommon CausesDiagnosisTreatmentPrognosis Table of ContentsView All View All Table of Contents Symptoms Common Causes Diagnosis Treatment Prognosis Hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP), also known as nosocomial pneumonia, is a lower respiratory bacterial infection that occurs 48 hours or more after hospital admission and does not appear due to intubation at the time of admission. People experience a host of symptoms ranging from fever and chills to shortness of breath and chest pain and are at higher risk of developing severe complications and even death....

Table of ContentsView AllTable of ContentsSigns and SymptomsTransmissionRiskTesting and ScreeningVaccineWho Should Get Vaccinated?Vaccination SchedulePreventionTreatmentIs Sex Safe With It?ComplicationsOutlookNext in HPV GuideUnderstanding Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Infection Symptoms Table of ContentsView All View All Table of Contents Signs and Symptoms Transmission Risk Testing and Screening Vaccine Who Should Get Vaccinated? Vaccination Schedule Prevention Treatment Is Sex Safe With It? Complications Outlook Next in HPV Guide Humanpapillomavirus(HPV)is a group of viruses commonly spread through sexual contact....

Table of ContentsView AllTable of ContentsSymptomsCausesDiagnosisTreatmentPrognosisCopingPreventionNext in Huntington’s Disease GuideSymptoms of Huntington’s Disease Table of ContentsView All View All Table of Contents Symptoms Causes Diagnosis Treatment Prognosis Coping Prevention Next in Huntington’s Disease Guide Huntington’s disease is a hereditary degenerative neurological disease that causes behavioral changes and involuntary movements, with noticeable effects usually beginning between age 30 to 50. There is no cure for the condition, but some symptoms can be reduced with medication....

Table of ContentsView AllTable of ContentsTypesSymptomsCausesDiagnosisTreatmentPrognosis Table of ContentsView All View All Table of Contents Types Symptoms Causes Diagnosis Treatment Prognosis Hydrocephalusis the buildup ofcerebrospinal fluid (CSF)within the brain’s hollow spaces (ventricles). The excessive fluid increases pressure inside the skull, affecting the brain’s ability to function normally. CSF is a clear fluid that bathes and cushions the brain, protecting and providing it with vital nutrients. CSF flows around the spinal cord and through the brain’s ventricles before being reabsorbed into the bloodstream....