Pathophysiology of Lung Cancer

The pathophysiology of lung cancer refers to the functional changes that cause, result from, or are otherwise associated with the disease. In the case of lung cancer, the changes occur in the lungs. As the disease progresses, other areas of the body may be involved as well. Prapass Pulsub / Getty Images Types of Lung Cancer The two main types oflung cancerare small cell lung cancer andnon-small cell lung cancer. Non-small cell lung cancers make up about 80% to 85% of all lung cancer cases and include:...

January 17, 2025 · 8 min · 1518 words · Shannon Mack

Patient Access To Medical Records Is Set To Become Mandatory

Key TakeawaysStarting in April 2021, the United States' government will require health organizations to share medical records with patients electronically, free of charge.Once the mandate goes into effect, patients will be able to see doctors' notes and other information in their electronic medical record. Key Takeaways Starting in April 2021, the United States' government will require health organizations to share medical records with patients electronically, free of charge.Once the mandate goes into effect, patients will be able to see doctors' notes and other information in their electronic medical record....

January 17, 2025 · 8 min · 1569 words · Melanie Jackson

Patient Rights: What They Are and Why They're Important

Table of ContentsView AllTable of ContentsRespectEmergency CareMedical RecordsPrivacyInformed ConsentTreatment RefusalMedical ResearchContinuity of CareMedical BillingEnd-of-Life CareOrgan DonationProtecting Your Rights Table of ContentsView All View All Table of Contents Respect Emergency Care Medical Records Privacy Informed Consent Treatment Refusal Medical Research Continuity of Care Medical Billing End-of-Life Care Organ Donation Protecting Your Rights Other rights are protected under the law, including the right to emergency care, the right to make treatment decisions (including end-of-life care), the right to appeal medical billings, and the right to refuse treatment....

January 17, 2025 · 11 min · 2224 words · Brian Larsen

Patient With Type 1 Diabetes Appears Cured After Stem Cell Treatment

Key TakeawaysResearchers have developed a new type 1 diabetes treatment that has functionally cured a patient.For the treatment, individuals receive an infusion of cells that teach the pancreas to produce insulin.Experts say these results are revolutionary and promising. Key Takeaways Researchers have developed a new type 1 diabetes treatment that has functionally cured a patient.For the treatment, individuals receive an infusion of cells that teach the pancreas to produce insulin.Experts say these results are revolutionary and promising....

January 17, 2025 · 11 min · 2205 words · George Edwards

Patient-Controlled Anesthesia (PCA)

Table of ContentsView AllTable of ContentsWhat Is a PCA Pump?What Is PCA Used For?How Does a PCA System/Pump Work?Safety MonitoringPros and Cons of a PCA System Table of ContentsView All View All Table of Contents What Is a PCA Pump? What Is PCA Used For? How Does a PCA System/Pump Work? Safety Monitoring Pros and Cons of a PCA System Patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) is a type of pain management system that allows patients to make their own decisions as to when they need to take a dose of pain medication....

January 17, 2025 · 5 min · 1005 words · Seth Thomas

Patients Prefer Doctors of Same Race and Ethnicity, Study Finds

Key TakeawaysA recent study suggests patients are more likely to rate their physicians higher when they see physicians of their own race or ethnicity.One possible reason for these racial biases may stem from the fact that patients and doctors of the same race communicate with each other better, as previous research suggests.To improve the differences in patient experience ratings, some researchers believe bias training for physicians can help them be better prepared to care for a more diverse patient population....

January 17, 2025 · 8 min · 1513 words · Joseph Ochoa

Paxil vs. Lexapro: How Do They Compare?

Table of ContentsView AllTable of ContentsMain DifferencesUsesWhich Is More Effective?Side EffectsSafety PrecautionsDrug InteractionsWhich One Should You Take?How to Talk to Your Provider About Treatment Table of ContentsView All View All Table of Contents Main Differences Uses Which Is More Effective? Side Effects Safety Precautions Drug Interactions Which One Should You Take? How to Talk to Your Provider About Treatment While they share many similarities, they differ in various aspects that can influence their effectiveness and suitability for different individuals....

January 17, 2025 · 7 min · 1486 words · Mallory Andrews

Paxlovid May Help Ease Long COVID Symptoms, Study Finds

Somelong COVIDpatients who took an extended course ofPaxlovidsaw temporary or lasting improvement, according to a small new case series published in the journalCommunications Medicine. A previous study suggested that people who take the five-day course of Paxlovid during their infection are25% less likely to develop long COVID.This new paper raises another question: Could Paxlovid benefit long COVID patients months after their initial infection? The new research is at odds with a study published last summer inJAMA Internal Medicine, which found that people withlong COVIDlikely won’t see any benefit from the drug....

January 17, 2025 · 6 min · 1153 words · Robert Chen

Paxlovid Mouth: A Distasteful Side Effect of a COVID Drug

Key Takeaways“Paxlovid mouth” is the lingering bad taste that some people get while they are taking the antiviral drug Paxlovid for a COVID-19 infection.The taste may last for the duration of Paxlovid treatment—five days—and has been described as bitter or metallic.Some people who have experienced Paxlovid mouth say that it goes away when they are eating or drinking. Key Takeaways “Paxlovid mouth” is the lingering bad taste that some people get while they are taking the antiviral drug Paxlovid for a COVID-19 infection....

January 17, 2025 · 7 min · 1325 words · Michael Valdez

Paying for Psoriatic Arthritis Treatment: Insurance Coverage

Table of ContentsView AllTable of ContentsTreatment OptionsCostsDoes Insurance Cover It?Coverage ObstaclesFrequently Asked Questions Table of ContentsView All View All Table of Contents Treatment Options Costs Does Insurance Cover It? Coverage Obstacles Frequently Asked Questions Psoriatic arthritis is an inflammatory autoimmune disease thatcausessymptomslike pain, joint stiffness, and skin lesions calledplaques. There are many ways totreat psoriatic arthritis. Cost of treatment depends on several factors like severity ofsymptoms, what treatments are used, and insurance coverage....

January 17, 2025 · 9 min · 1755 words · Anna Taylor

PCOS and Anti-Müllerian Hormone

AMH levels are directly related to how many small follicles are found on the ovary each month. These are called antral follicles. This article will cover how AMH can be used to help diagnose a person with a condition called polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). Hero Images / Getty Images What the Ovaries Do Ovarian Follicles and AMH Antral follicles are also called resting follicles. Throughout the menstrual cycle, follicles pop up on the ovaries and go through changes....

January 17, 2025 · 7 min · 1358 words · Mark Fritz

PCOS and Chronic Low-Grade Inflammation: What's the Connection?

Table of ContentsView AllTable of ContentsWhat Is PCOS?PCOS and InflammationWhat Causes Inflammation?ComplicationsHow to Reduce Inflammation Table of ContentsView All View All Table of Contents What Is PCOS? PCOS and Inflammation What Causes Inflammation? Complications How to Reduce Inflammation Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS)is a hormonal condition (associated with chronic inflammation) that affects how the ovaries work. Inflammationoccurs when your body’s natural immune system, composed of white blood cells and other factors, reacts to a foreign substance in an attempt to protect your body from a perceived threat....

January 17, 2025 · 10 min · 2087 words · Erika Gray

PCOS Diet: What to Eat to Manage Symptoms

Table of ContentsView AllTable of ContentsHow to Lose WeightBenefitsWhat to EatWhat Not to EatTipsOther Health ConditionsConsiderationsSummary Table of ContentsView All View All Table of Contents How to Lose Weight Benefits What to Eat What Not to Eat Tips Other Health Conditions Considerations Summary There is no standard PCOS diet. Research shows different combinations of eating plans can benefit people withpolycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS). Low carb, low glycemic index (GI), ketogenic, Mediterranean, and DASH diets have all been shown to ease PCOS symptoms....

January 17, 2025 · 13 min · 2657 words · Francis Phillips