Table of ContentsView AllTable of ContentsWhen to Get HelpIBD and IBSIrritable Bowel SyndromeHeartburn and GERDPeptic or Stomach UlcerGastritisGastroparesisGallstonesDiverticular DiseaseCeliac DiseaseFrequently Asked Questions
Table of ContentsView All
View All
Table of Contents
When to Get Help
IBD and IBS
Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Heartburn and GERD
Peptic or Stomach Ulcer
Gastritis
Gastroparesis
Gallstones
Diverticular Disease
Celiac Disease
Frequently Asked Questions
A number of digestive disorders and bowel diseases can affect your health, often with similar symptoms of heartburn, nausea and vomiting, abdominal pain, and constipation or diarrhea.
This article discusses IBS and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), but it will also help you learn more aboutceliac disease,peptic ulcers,gastroesophageal reflux, and other conditions.
Verywell / Brianna Gilmartin
When to Get Help for Digestive Symptoms
Most digestive problems aren’t an emergency, but there are symptoms that may be cause for more concern. Seek emergency care if any of the following apply:
When other new symptoms start, the first step is always to make an appointment to see a healthcare provider and, if necessary, be referred to a GI specialist. If you’re already diagnosed with a digestive disorder, contact your gastroenterologist for symptoms that are mild and typical of a flare-up.
It’s important to put any signs or symptoms in perspective. An occasional symptom might be treated with a lifestyle change such as eating more fiber, drinking more water, or getting some exercise.
What Are the Easiest Foods to Digest? What to Eat and Avoid
Change in Stool Color
The Meaning of Poop Colors, Shapes, Sizes, and Consistency
Change in Stool Frequency
Diarrheaandconstipationare fairly common problems, and they happen to everyone from time to time. In many cases, a cause can’t be found, and the issues go away on their own without any special treatment.
In the case of diarrhea, some people may be more comfortablechanging their dietfor a little while until the loose stools pass. For constipation, eating fiber, drinking water, or getting some exercise may do the trick.
For either diarrhea or constipation, if it goes on for more than a few days or keeps happening even after making some diet and lifestyle changes, seeing a healthcare provider is the next step.
If you also experience symptoms of fever, bleeding, or severe abdominal pain, see your healthcare provider. They may prescribe medication or recommendover-the-counter drugs.
Your Digestive System
Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a broad term that indicates chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. An estimated 3.1 million adults in the U.S. have been diagnosed with IBD.
Symptoms
Common symptoms of IBD include:
Some of these are common symptoms associated with many other digestive disorders, so a gastroenterologist will need to make an accurate diagnosis.
Diagnosis
Blood tests, stool samples, imaging, and visual examination of the GI tract may be needed to diagnose IBD. Imaging may include:
Visual exams may include the use of a flexible, lighted scoping instrument to perform:
Treatment
Treatment for IBDwill depend on the specific type (for example,Crohn’s diseaseandulcerative colitis) as well as your specific symptoms and medical history. This may include medication, diet and lifestyle changes, or surgery.
Can a CT Scan Detect Digestive Issues?Computed tomography (CT) scans are used when diagnosing GI conditions. It may be used to find the source of unexplained pain, detect an infection or injury, or identify bleeding in the abdomen. It is one of many tests healthcare providers use to check your digestive system.
Can a CT Scan Detect Digestive Issues?
Computed tomography (CT) scans are used when diagnosing GI conditions. It may be used to find the source of unexplained pain, detect an infection or injury, or identify bleeding in the abdomen. It is one of many tests healthcare providers use to check your digestive system.
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) may have similar symptoms to IBD, but it is not diagnosed as a disease. It is a group of symptoms that occur together and may be suspected when other digestive conditions, such as celiac disease, are ruled out.
The most common symptoms of IBS are:
IBS is often diagnosed when other digestive conditions have been ruled out. Your healthcare provider will review your symptoms and medical and family history, and do a physical exam. They will look for a certain pattern in your symptoms and sometimes order tests to rule out other health problems.
Treatment focuses on your specific symptoms and may take some trial and error to find what works. Treatment may include:
How IBS Differs From Other Conditions
Heartburnor gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) occurs when the muscle at the bottom of theesophagus, the lower esophageal sphincter (LES), doesn’t work as it should. It is estimated that 20% of American adults have GERD.
The LES is supposed to stop stomach acid from coming out of thestomachand into the esophagus. When it doesn’t, the acid can cause symptoms such as:
Even if heartburn only happens once in a while, it should be discussed with your healthcare provider, because a change in diet or someover-the-counter or prescription medicationsmay be able to stop or prevent the symptoms.
Occasional heartburn isn’t typically a cause for concern. However, when it happens frequently (more than two times a week), it could be GERD.Treatment may include:
GERD requires treatment because, over time, stomach acid can harm the LES and the esophagus.
13 Home Remedies for Acid Reflux Relief
Peptic Ulcer or Stomach Ulcer
An ulcer is a break in the skin or the mucus membrane of an organ that causes a sore. A peptic ulcer is an ulcer either in the stomach or duodenum (the first part of the small intestine).
Very rarely, peptic ulcers can be associated with a condition calledZollinger-Ellison syndrome, which causes tumors in the digestive tract.
Peptic ulcer symptoms can vary and some people don’t have any symptoms at all. The most common symptom is a dull or burning pain in the area between your breast bone and belly button (navel). Less common symptoms may include:
A healthcare provider will review your medical and family history, do a physical exam, and order tests to diagnose a peptic ulcer, find its cause, and check for complications. Common tests include:
Causes and Risk Factors of Peptic Ulcer Disease
The termgastritismeans that the lining of the stomach is inflamed. When this occurs, the stomach produces less mucus and is, therefore, less able to protect itself from digestive acids. Gastritis also causes the stomach lining to produce fewer of the normal acids and enzymes that are used in digestion.
There are two main types of gastritis: erosive and non-erosive. Over time, erosive gastritis can cause the lining of the stomach to become damaged and ulcers can form.
Some people have no symptoms, but others with gastritis may experience:
Causes of gastritis include infection with the bacteriaH. pylori, the use of NSAIDs, and drinking alcohol. People with Crohn’s disease that affects the stomach may also develop gastritis.
Gastritis may be diagnosed with the same tests used for peptic ulcers: an upper endoscopy, biopsies, and GI series. Other tests may include blood, stool, and breath tests.
A Comparison of Common Proton Pump Inhibitors
Gastroparesisis a disorder where food moves too slowly, or not at all, from the stomach into the small intestine. In many cases, it’s not known why a person develops gastroparesis, but some known causes include:
The nerve that’s responsible for moving food along is called thevagus nerve, and if this nerve is damaged, gastroparesis can occur.
Gastroparesis is more common in females, and symptoms can include:
It is a chronic condition, which means that symptoms can improve and then come back again.
Diagnosing gastroparesis relies on your medical history, a physical exam, your symptoms, and various tests, including:
Treatment for gastroparesis depends on the cause.
If gastroparesis is associated with diabetes, a change in diabetes treatment to improve blood sugar control may be needed.Medication and dietary changes may help. When the cause isn’t known, treatments will focus on relieving symptoms and treating complications. Treatments may include:
Gallstonesare common and tend to affect females more than males.The gallbladder is a small organ attached to the liver that storesbile. Gallstones can form when bile doesn’t have the right concentration of bile salts, cholesterol, and bilirubin.
Gallstones can vary significantly in size (from a grain of sand to a golf ball) and can range in number from just one to in the hundreds.
Those more at risk of developing gallstones include:
Many people with gallstones do not have any symptoms, but gallstones can cause pain after eating that can last several hours, along with nausea, vomiting,jaundice, and light-colored stools.
Gallstones that get stuck in the bile ducts can lead to inflammation of the gallbladder and inflammation in the ducts, gallbladder, or liver. Inflammation of the pancreas (pancreatitis) can occur if a blockage occurs in one particular bile duct called the common bile duct.
Along with reviewing your medical history and doing a physical exam, a healthcare provider may order blood tests (to detect infection or inflammation) and imaging tests, such as ultrasound, computed tomography (CT) scan, or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
Treatment for gallstones that are causing symptoms is typically acholecystectomy, which is the surgical removal of the gallbladder. In many cases, this can be donelaparoscopically, in which the surgery is performed using only small incisions and recovery is relatively quicker.
Causes and Risk Factors of Gallbladder Disease
Diverticular diseaseincludes both diverticulosis and diverticulitis. The former is when small outpouchings occur in the inner wall of thecolon (large intestine). When these get infected or inflamed, it is called diverticulitis.
People more at risk for diverticular disease include those over the age of 40 and people who live in countries where the diet includes less fiber, including the United States.
Many people with diverticula in their colon do not have any symptoms, but those who do can experience pain, bleeding, and a change in bowel habits.
Diverticulitis is not common (it happens in only about 5% of people with diverticula disease) but it can lead to other complications, such as:
Along with a physical exam and medical history review, a healthcare provider may order blood tests, a stool test, imaging tests, and a colonoscopy (a scope with a camera that looks inside the rectum and colon).
Treatment for diverticular disease will vary depending on symptoms. If you have chronic symptoms, treatment may include:
With diverticulitis, the treatments may include:
If diverticulitis doesn’t improve with treatment or if it leads to complications, surgery to remove part of the colon may be recommended.
Seeing a gastroenterologist for regular treatment and monitoring will help. Lifestyle changes that are often recommended for managing diverticulosis are gradually increasing the fiber in your diet, possibly taking a fiber supplement, and drinking plenty of fluids. Talk with a healthcare provider or registered dietitian if you’re unsure how much fiber is right for you.
Celiac disease can cause digestive symptoms as well as symptoms in other parts of the body. Digestive symptoms may include:
Symptoms that affect other parts of the body may include:
If celiac disease is suspected, a healthcare provider may dotestingsuch as a blood test, a genetic test, orbiopsiesfrom the small intestine to confirm the diagnosis or rule it out.
An Overview of the Gluten-Free Diet
A Word From Verywell
With digestive symptoms, the key is to see a healthcare provider as soon as possible (or immediately, if there are any red-flag symptoms) to get a diagnosis. The sooner the problem is identified, the quicker a treatment plan can be put into place and your symptoms controlled.
Caring for Your Digestive Health
Frequently Asked QuestionsYes, a colonoscopy is almost always used to help diagnose Crohn’s disease. People living with Crohn’s also have a higher risk for colorectal cancer, so colonoscopy also is used to monitor their disease and any signs of cancer.Learn MoreDifferences Between Colorectal and Colon CancerInflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been linked to hair loss. In one study of 150 people, one third of them had hair loss that researchers think may be linked to medications used to treat IBD.However, more studies are needed to understand any link between IBD and hair loss.Learn MoreHair Loss (Alopecia)Yes, although in many cases the weight gain may be related to the drugs used to treat a condition, such as steroids. It’s quite common for people with GI disorders to experience weight loss instead.Learn MoreThe Most Common Gastrointestinal Diseases
Yes, a colonoscopy is almost always used to help diagnose Crohn’s disease. People living with Crohn’s also have a higher risk for colorectal cancer, so colonoscopy also is used to monitor their disease and any signs of cancer.Learn MoreDifferences Between Colorectal and Colon Cancer
Yes, a colonoscopy is almost always used to help diagnose Crohn’s disease. People living with Crohn’s also have a higher risk for colorectal cancer, so colonoscopy also is used to monitor their disease and any signs of cancer.
Learn MoreDifferences Between Colorectal and Colon Cancer
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been linked to hair loss. In one study of 150 people, one third of them had hair loss that researchers think may be linked to medications used to treat IBD.However, more studies are needed to understand any link between IBD and hair loss.Learn MoreHair Loss (Alopecia)
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been linked to hair loss. In one study of 150 people, one third of them had hair loss that researchers think may be linked to medications used to treat IBD.However, more studies are needed to understand any link between IBD and hair loss.
Learn MoreHair Loss (Alopecia)
Yes, although in many cases the weight gain may be related to the drugs used to treat a condition, such as steroids. It’s quite common for people with GI disorders to experience weight loss instead.Learn MoreThe Most Common Gastrointestinal Diseases
Yes, although in many cases the weight gain may be related to the drugs used to treat a condition, such as steroids. It’s quite common for people with GI disorders to experience weight loss instead.
Learn MoreThe Most Common Gastrointestinal Diseases
27 SourcesVerywell Health uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Read oureditorial processto learn more about how we fact-check and keep our content accurate, reliable, and trustworthy.Johns Hopkins Medicine.Digestive Disorders.American College of Gastroenterology.Common GI symptoms.National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.Symptoms & Causes of Celiac Disease.National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.Definition & Facts for Diverticular Disease.National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.Symptoms & Causes of GI Bleeding.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.Inflammatory bowel disease.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.What is inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)?Nooredinvand HA, Poullis A.Emerging role of colorectal mucus in gastroenterology diagnostics.World J Gastroenterol. 2022 Mar 28;28(12):1220-1225. doi:10.3748/wjg.v28.i12.1220.Johns Hopkins Medicine.Computed Tomography (CT or CAT) Scan of the Abdomen.Lacy BE, Pimentel M, Brenner DM, Chey WD, Keefer LA, Long MD,et al.ACG Clinical Guideline: Management of Irritable Bowel Syndrome.Am J Gastroenterol. 2021 Jan 1;116(1):17-44. doi:10.14309/ajg.0000000000001036.National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.Irritable Bowel Syndrome.National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.Definition & Facts for GER & GERD.National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.Symptoms and causes of GER and GERD.National Institute for Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.Treatment for GER and GERD.Epelboym I, Mazeh H.Zollinger-Ellison syndrome: classical considerations and current controversies.Oncologist. 2014;19(1):44-50. doi:10.1634/theoncologist.2013-0369John Hopkins Medicine.Stomach and duodenal ulcers (peptic ulcers).National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.Peptic ulcers (stomach and duodenal ulcers),National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.Gastritis and gastropathy.National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease.Symptoms and causes of gastroparesis.National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.Treatment for Gastroparesis.National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.Definition & Facts for Gallstones.National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.Diagnosis of gallstones.National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.Diagnosis of diverticular disease.National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.Treatment for diverticular disease.National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.Symptoms and causes of celiac disease.Hsiao SW, Yen HH, Chen YY.Chemoprevention of Colitis-Associated Dysplasia or Cancer in Inflammatory Bowel Disease.Gut Liver. 2022 Jun 7. doi:10.5009/gnl210479.Shah R, Abraham B, Hou J, Sellin J.Frequency and associated factors of hair loss among patients with inflammatory bowel disease.World J Gastroenterol. 2015 Jan 7;21(1):229-32. doi:10.3748/wjg.v21.i1.229.
27 Sources
Verywell Health uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Read oureditorial processto learn more about how we fact-check and keep our content accurate, reliable, and trustworthy.Johns Hopkins Medicine.Digestive Disorders.American College of Gastroenterology.Common GI symptoms.National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.Symptoms & Causes of Celiac Disease.National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.Definition & Facts for Diverticular Disease.National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.Symptoms & Causes of GI Bleeding.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.Inflammatory bowel disease.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.What is inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)?Nooredinvand HA, Poullis A.Emerging role of colorectal mucus in gastroenterology diagnostics.World J Gastroenterol. 2022 Mar 28;28(12):1220-1225. doi:10.3748/wjg.v28.i12.1220.Johns Hopkins Medicine.Computed Tomography (CT or CAT) Scan of the Abdomen.Lacy BE, Pimentel M, Brenner DM, Chey WD, Keefer LA, Long MD,et al.ACG Clinical Guideline: Management of Irritable Bowel Syndrome.Am J Gastroenterol. 2021 Jan 1;116(1):17-44. doi:10.14309/ajg.0000000000001036.National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.Irritable Bowel Syndrome.National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.Definition & Facts for GER & GERD.National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.Symptoms and causes of GER and GERD.National Institute for Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.Treatment for GER and GERD.Epelboym I, Mazeh H.Zollinger-Ellison syndrome: classical considerations and current controversies.Oncologist. 2014;19(1):44-50. doi:10.1634/theoncologist.2013-0369John Hopkins Medicine.Stomach and duodenal ulcers (peptic ulcers).National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.Peptic ulcers (stomach and duodenal ulcers),National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.Gastritis and gastropathy.National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease.Symptoms and causes of gastroparesis.National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.Treatment for Gastroparesis.National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.Definition & Facts for Gallstones.National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.Diagnosis of gallstones.National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.Diagnosis of diverticular disease.National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.Treatment for diverticular disease.National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.Symptoms and causes of celiac disease.Hsiao SW, Yen HH, Chen YY.Chemoprevention of Colitis-Associated Dysplasia or Cancer in Inflammatory Bowel Disease.Gut Liver. 2022 Jun 7. doi:10.5009/gnl210479.Shah R, Abraham B, Hou J, Sellin J.Frequency and associated factors of hair loss among patients with inflammatory bowel disease.World J Gastroenterol. 2015 Jan 7;21(1):229-32. doi:10.3748/wjg.v21.i1.229.
Verywell Health uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Read oureditorial processto learn more about how we fact-check and keep our content accurate, reliable, and trustworthy.
Johns Hopkins Medicine.Digestive Disorders.American College of Gastroenterology.Common GI symptoms.National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.Symptoms & Causes of Celiac Disease.National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.Definition & Facts for Diverticular Disease.National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.Symptoms & Causes of GI Bleeding.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.Inflammatory bowel disease.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.What is inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)?Nooredinvand HA, Poullis A.Emerging role of colorectal mucus in gastroenterology diagnostics.World J Gastroenterol. 2022 Mar 28;28(12):1220-1225. doi:10.3748/wjg.v28.i12.1220.Johns Hopkins Medicine.Computed Tomography (CT or CAT) Scan of the Abdomen.Lacy BE, Pimentel M, Brenner DM, Chey WD, Keefer LA, Long MD,et al.ACG Clinical Guideline: Management of Irritable Bowel Syndrome.Am J Gastroenterol. 2021 Jan 1;116(1):17-44. doi:10.14309/ajg.0000000000001036.National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.Irritable Bowel Syndrome.National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.Definition & Facts for GER & GERD.National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.Symptoms and causes of GER and GERD.National Institute for Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.Treatment for GER and GERD.Epelboym I, Mazeh H.Zollinger-Ellison syndrome: classical considerations and current controversies.Oncologist. 2014;19(1):44-50. doi:10.1634/theoncologist.2013-0369John Hopkins Medicine.Stomach and duodenal ulcers (peptic ulcers).National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.Peptic ulcers (stomach and duodenal ulcers),National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.Gastritis and gastropathy.National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease.Symptoms and causes of gastroparesis.National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.Treatment for Gastroparesis.National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.Definition & Facts for Gallstones.National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.Diagnosis of gallstones.National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.Diagnosis of diverticular disease.National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.Treatment for diverticular disease.National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.Symptoms and causes of celiac disease.Hsiao SW, Yen HH, Chen YY.Chemoprevention of Colitis-Associated Dysplasia or Cancer in Inflammatory Bowel Disease.Gut Liver. 2022 Jun 7. doi:10.5009/gnl210479.Shah R, Abraham B, Hou J, Sellin J.Frequency and associated factors of hair loss among patients with inflammatory bowel disease.World J Gastroenterol. 2015 Jan 7;21(1):229-32. doi:10.3748/wjg.v21.i1.229.
Johns Hopkins Medicine.Digestive Disorders.
American College of Gastroenterology.Common GI symptoms.
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.Symptoms & Causes of Celiac Disease.
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.Definition & Facts for Diverticular Disease.
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.Symptoms & Causes of GI Bleeding.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.Inflammatory bowel disease.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.What is inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)?
Nooredinvand HA, Poullis A.Emerging role of colorectal mucus in gastroenterology diagnostics.World J Gastroenterol. 2022 Mar 28;28(12):1220-1225. doi:10.3748/wjg.v28.i12.1220.
Johns Hopkins Medicine.Computed Tomography (CT or CAT) Scan of the Abdomen.
Lacy BE, Pimentel M, Brenner DM, Chey WD, Keefer LA, Long MD,et al.ACG Clinical Guideline: Management of Irritable Bowel Syndrome.Am J Gastroenterol. 2021 Jan 1;116(1):17-44. doi:10.14309/ajg.0000000000001036.
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.Irritable Bowel Syndrome.
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.Definition & Facts for GER & GERD.
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.Symptoms and causes of GER and GERD.
National Institute for Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.Treatment for GER and GERD.
Epelboym I, Mazeh H.Zollinger-Ellison syndrome: classical considerations and current controversies.Oncologist. 2014;19(1):44-50. doi:10.1634/theoncologist.2013-0369
John Hopkins Medicine.Stomach and duodenal ulcers (peptic ulcers).
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.Peptic ulcers (stomach and duodenal ulcers),
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.Gastritis and gastropathy.
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease.Symptoms and causes of gastroparesis.
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.Treatment for Gastroparesis.
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.Definition & Facts for Gallstones.
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.Diagnosis of gallstones.
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.Diagnosis of diverticular disease.
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.Treatment for diverticular disease.
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.Symptoms and causes of celiac disease.
Hsiao SW, Yen HH, Chen YY.Chemoprevention of Colitis-Associated Dysplasia or Cancer in Inflammatory Bowel Disease.Gut Liver. 2022 Jun 7. doi:10.5009/gnl210479.
Shah R, Abraham B, Hou J, Sellin J.Frequency and associated factors of hair loss among patients with inflammatory bowel disease.World J Gastroenterol. 2015 Jan 7;21(1):229-32. doi:10.3748/wjg.v21.i1.229.
Meet Our Medical Expert Board
Share Feedback
Was this page helpful?Thanks for your feedback!What is your feedback?OtherHelpfulReport an ErrorSubmit
Was this page helpful?
Thanks for your feedback!
What is your feedback?OtherHelpfulReport an ErrorSubmit
What is your feedback?
