Table of ContentsView AllTable of ContentsRiskFlaresRecognizing SymptomsLong COVIDFrequently Asked Questions
Table of ContentsView All
View All
Table of Contents
Risk
Flares
Recognizing Symptoms
Long COVID
Frequently Asked Questions
Fibromyalgiadoes not appear to be a risk factor for severe COVID-19. If you also have an overlapping autoimmune condition such as rheumatoid arthritis, however, you may be at greater risk for severe disease.
This is because the immunosuppressants often prescribed for these conditions can make you more susceptible to COVID-19.
This article explains which conditions appear to make COVID-19 more severe, and fibromyalgia isn’t one of them. It also discusses fibromyalgia flares, how to recognize COVID-19 symptoms, and how some of them overlap with those of fibromyalgia.
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COVID-19 Risk
Fibromyalgia is not on the list of pre-existing conditions that appear to make COVID-19 more severe. However, some conditions that frequently overlap with fibromyalgia are, including:
If you’re concerned about your risk, be extra diligent with the preventive measures: masks, handwashing, and social distancing.
If you’re on immunosuppressants for an autoimmune disease, you may be at higher risk both of contracting the virus and having more severe symptoms.This doesn’t mean that you should stop taking your medications.Be sure to talk to your healthcare provider and weigh the risks and benefits before making any decisions.
If you’re on immunosuppressants for an autoimmune disease, you may be at higher risk both of contracting the virus and having more severe symptoms.
This doesn’t mean that you should stop taking your medications.Be sure to talk to your healthcare provider and weigh the risks and benefits before making any decisions.
Immune Involvement in Fibromyalgia
Even so,immunosuppressantsprescribed for other autoimmune disorders are ineffective for fibromyalgia, so healthcare providers don’t generally prescribe them for fibromyalgia. It’s really the immunosuppression that may sometimes increase the risk of COVID-19.
Prevalence
This trend appears to be continuing: Fibromyalgia hasnotemerged as one of the conditions healthcare providers and hospitals are seeing in a lot of people they’re treating for COVID-19.
Fibromyalgia Flares
Just about any assault on the system of someone with fibromyalgia can lead to aflare. A stressful situation, a minor injury, or a passing illness can all cause increased pain, fatigue, andfibro fog, or the feeling of being lost. It stands to reason, then, that if you do contract COVID-19, it could trigger a flare even if symptoms of the infection don’t become severe.
As always, it pays tobe prepared for a flare:
Anxiety and Anxiety Disorder Symptoms
Anxiety
Anxiety is a common symptom in fibromyalgia and one that can be crippling at times. An anxiety attack and general stress can trigger flares. And the rollercoaster nature of COVID-19 is providing ample opportunities for both.
Lockdowns, furloughs, unemployment, periods without access to healthcare providers, and possible medication shortages are just some of the factors that can have a significant impact on daily life.
And they seem to have taken a toll. One 2022 study tracked 78 people with fibromyalgia before and during the pandemic and found “significant fibromyalgia symptom deterioration” including increases in pain, anxiety, and depression.
In other words, it’s safe to assume that COVID-19 has intensified the natural feeling of anxiety that people with fibromyalgia normally feel. And it’s probably worse for people who have contracted the virus or know someone who has been hospitalized for or perished from COVID-19.
Anxiety Warrants AttentionIf you think anxiety is taking a toll on you, talk to your healthcare provider about how you may be able to manage it better. Medication and other stress-management techniques like yoga and meditation may help you get your anxiety under control with fewer symptom flares.
Anxiety Warrants Attention
If you think anxiety is taking a toll on you, talk to your healthcare provider about how you may be able to manage it better. Medication and other stress-management techniques like yoga and meditation may help you get your anxiety under control with fewer symptom flares.
Recognizing COVID-19 Symptoms
When you look at a COVID-19 symptom list and see fatigue, headaches, and sleep problems, you may think, “I live with these symptoms every day. How would I even know if I have COVID?”
While you’re correct about the overlap, some COVID symptoms arenotassociated with fibromyalgia, including:
Being on alert for these telltale signs can help you distinguish between your typical symptoms and a possible coronavirus infection.
How to Cope With Post-COVID Brain Fog
This has led some researchers to wonder whether we’ll see a surge of post-viral fibromyalgia or ME/CFS cases as a result of the pandemic.
A web-based survey published in 2021 found that 31% of people with long COVID reported symptoms that meet the diagnostic criteria for fibromyalgia six months after having COVID-19. Those who had a more serious infection, such as requiring oxygen therapy or hospitalization, were more likely to develop fibromyalgia-like illness.
A review of early observations of COVID-19’s impact on people with autoimmunity suggested that disease stressors (job loss, isolation, fear, less access to healthcare providers or medications) could lead to increases in fatigue, pain, and new cases ofsecondary fibromyalgia, which is especially common in autoimmune disease.
Because it’s more closely associated with viral triggers, ME/CFS has generated more attention from researchers than fibromyalgia. However, with how closely they’re related and how similar the symptoms are, it’s possible that both conditions will see an upswing in diagnoses in the near future.
What remains to be seen is whether those with long-COVID will develop theabnormal pain types of fibromyalgia, which include:
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Summary
Fibromyalgia is not on the list of pre-existing conditions that appear to make COVID-19 more severe. The key issue for people with fibromyalgia is identifying the difference between fibromyalgia symptoms and virus symptoms because the two can overlap. Some COVID symptoms arenotassociated with fibromyalgia, including chills, congestion or a runny nose, cough, fever, and sore throat.
The symptoms healthcare providers are seeing in long COVID bear a striking resemblance to fibromyalgia symptoms. Some experts predict an increase in fibromyalgia cases among those who have had COVID.
A Word From Verywell
If you aren’t being treated with immunosuppressants, your fibromyalgia shouldn’t put you at high risk for catching COVID-19. There is no evidence to suggest that you’re at risk for severe symptoms, either.
Still, if you begin to have symptoms associated with COVID-19, take a test right away (either an at-home test or in a provider’s office). If it’s positive, isolate and contact a provider or pharmacy for treatment options.
Frequently Asked QuestionsStudies have shown that people with fibromyalgia are struggling with anxiety and access to support systems and treatments due to COVID restrictions.Healthcare providers recommend exercise, relaxation techniques, and finding a way to connect with loved ones and a social network to manage anxiety, ease chronic pain, and overcome fatigue.Learn MoreSigns and Treatments for Anxiety in FibromyalgiaFibromyalgia itself is not considered an illness that puts you at higher risk for COVID. However, other illnesses such as diabetes and obesity that occur with fibromyalgia may make you more vulnerable.Learn MoreFibromyalgia and Obesity
Studies have shown that people with fibromyalgia are struggling with anxiety and access to support systems and treatments due to COVID restrictions.Healthcare providers recommend exercise, relaxation techniques, and finding a way to connect with loved ones and a social network to manage anxiety, ease chronic pain, and overcome fatigue.Learn MoreSigns and Treatments for Anxiety in Fibromyalgia
Studies have shown that people with fibromyalgia are struggling with anxiety and access to support systems and treatments due to COVID restrictions.Healthcare providers recommend exercise, relaxation techniques, and finding a way to connect with loved ones and a social network to manage anxiety, ease chronic pain, and overcome fatigue.
Learn MoreSigns and Treatments for Anxiety in Fibromyalgia
Fibromyalgia itself is not considered an illness that puts you at higher risk for COVID. However, other illnesses such as diabetes and obesity that occur with fibromyalgia may make you more vulnerable.Learn MoreFibromyalgia and Obesity
Fibromyalgia itself is not considered an illness that puts you at higher risk for COVID. However, other illnesses such as diabetes and obesity that occur with fibromyalgia may make you more vulnerable.
Learn MoreFibromyalgia and Obesity
The information in this article is current as of the date listed. As new research becomes available, we’ll update this article. For the latest on COVID-19, visit ourcoronavirus news page.
13 SourcesVerywell Health uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Read oureditorial processto learn more about how we fact-check and keep our content accurate, reliable, and trustworthy.U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): People with certain medical conditions.Yanmaz MN, Mert M, Korkmaz M.The prevalence of fibromyalgia syndrome in a group of patients with diabetes mellitus.Rheumatol Int. 2012;32(4):871-874. doi:10.1007/s00296-010-1618-8Aloush V, Gurfinkel A, Shachar N, Ablin JN, Elkana O.Physical and mental impact of COVID-19 outbreak on fibromyalgia patients.Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2021;39 Suppl 130(3):108-114.Thng ZX, De Smet MD, Lee CS, et al.COVID-19 and immunosuppression: A review of current clinical experiences and implications for ophthalmology patients taking immunosuppressive drugs.Br J Ophthalmol. 2020;bjophthalmol-2020-316586. doi:10.1136/bjophthalmol-2020-316586.Ryabkova VA, Churilov LP, Shoenfeld Y.Neuroimmunology: What role for autoimmunity, neuroinflammation, and small fiber neuropathy in fibromyalgia, chronic fatigue syndrome, and adverse events after human papillomavirus vaccination?.Int J Mol Sci. 2019;20(20):5164. doi:10.3390/ijms20205164.U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.Preliminary estimates of the prevalence of selected underlying health conditions among patients with coronavirus disease 2019–United States, February 12-March 28, 2020.MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep.2020;69:382–386. doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm6913e2.Batres-Marroquín AB, Medina-García AC, Vargas Guerrero A, Barrera-Villalpando MI, Martínez-Lavín M, Martínez-Martínez LA.Effect of COVID-19 pandemic lockdown on fibromyalgia symptoms.J Clin Rheumatol. 2022;28(1):e289-e291. doi:10.1097/RHU.0000000000001685U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): Symptoms.Carfì A, Bernabei R, Landi F; Gemelli. Against COVID-19 Post-Acute Care Study Group.Persistent symptoms in patients after acute COVID-19.JAMA. 2020;324(6):603-605. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.12603.Moss-Morris R, Deary V, Castell B.Chronic fatigue syndrome.Handb Clin Neurol. 2013;110:303-314. doi:10.1016/B978-0-444-52901-5.00025-3.Ursini F, Ciaffi J, Mancarella L, et al.Fibromyalgia: a new facet of the post-COVID-19 syndrome spectrum? Results from a web-based survey.RMD Open. 2021;7(3):e001735. doi:10.1136/rmdopen-2021-001735Moldofsky H, Patcai J.Chronic widespread musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, depression and disordered sleep in chronic post-SARS syndrome; a case-controlled study.BMC Neurol. 2011;11:37. doi:10.1186/1471-2377-11-37.Pope JE.What does the COVID-19 pandemic mean for rheumatology patients?Curr Treatm Opt Rheumatol. 2020;1-4. doi:10.1007/s40674-020-00145-y.Additional ReadingDasgupta A, Kalhan A, Kalra S.Long term complications and rehabilitation of COVID-19 patients.J Pak Med Assoc. 2020;70(Suppl 3)(5):S131-S135. doi:10.5455/JPMA.32.Heneka MT, Golenbock D, Latz E, Morgan D, Brown R.Immediate and long-term consequences of COVID-19 infections for the development of neurological disease.Alzheimers Res Ther. 2020;12(1):69. doi:10.1186/s13195-020-00640-3.Tenforde MW, Kim SS, Lindsell CJ, et al.Symptom duration and risk factors for delayed return to usual health among outpatients with COVID-19 in a multistate health care systems network—United States, March-June 2020.MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2020;69:993-998. doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm6930e1.
13 Sources
Verywell Health uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Read oureditorial processto learn more about how we fact-check and keep our content accurate, reliable, and trustworthy.U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): People with certain medical conditions.Yanmaz MN, Mert M, Korkmaz M.The prevalence of fibromyalgia syndrome in a group of patients with diabetes mellitus.Rheumatol Int. 2012;32(4):871-874. doi:10.1007/s00296-010-1618-8Aloush V, Gurfinkel A, Shachar N, Ablin JN, Elkana O.Physical and mental impact of COVID-19 outbreak on fibromyalgia patients.Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2021;39 Suppl 130(3):108-114.Thng ZX, De Smet MD, Lee CS, et al.COVID-19 and immunosuppression: A review of current clinical experiences and implications for ophthalmology patients taking immunosuppressive drugs.Br J Ophthalmol. 2020;bjophthalmol-2020-316586. doi:10.1136/bjophthalmol-2020-316586.Ryabkova VA, Churilov LP, Shoenfeld Y.Neuroimmunology: What role for autoimmunity, neuroinflammation, and small fiber neuropathy in fibromyalgia, chronic fatigue syndrome, and adverse events after human papillomavirus vaccination?.Int J Mol Sci. 2019;20(20):5164. doi:10.3390/ijms20205164.U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.Preliminary estimates of the prevalence of selected underlying health conditions among patients with coronavirus disease 2019–United States, February 12-March 28, 2020.MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep.2020;69:382–386. doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm6913e2.Batres-Marroquín AB, Medina-García AC, Vargas Guerrero A, Barrera-Villalpando MI, Martínez-Lavín M, Martínez-Martínez LA.Effect of COVID-19 pandemic lockdown on fibromyalgia symptoms.J Clin Rheumatol. 2022;28(1):e289-e291. doi:10.1097/RHU.0000000000001685U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): Symptoms.Carfì A, Bernabei R, Landi F; Gemelli. Against COVID-19 Post-Acute Care Study Group.Persistent symptoms in patients after acute COVID-19.JAMA. 2020;324(6):603-605. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.12603.Moss-Morris R, Deary V, Castell B.Chronic fatigue syndrome.Handb Clin Neurol. 2013;110:303-314. doi:10.1016/B978-0-444-52901-5.00025-3.Ursini F, Ciaffi J, Mancarella L, et al.Fibromyalgia: a new facet of the post-COVID-19 syndrome spectrum? Results from a web-based survey.RMD Open. 2021;7(3):e001735. doi:10.1136/rmdopen-2021-001735Moldofsky H, Patcai J.Chronic widespread musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, depression and disordered sleep in chronic post-SARS syndrome; a case-controlled study.BMC Neurol. 2011;11:37. doi:10.1186/1471-2377-11-37.Pope JE.What does the COVID-19 pandemic mean for rheumatology patients?Curr Treatm Opt Rheumatol. 2020;1-4. doi:10.1007/s40674-020-00145-y.Additional ReadingDasgupta A, Kalhan A, Kalra S.Long term complications and rehabilitation of COVID-19 patients.J Pak Med Assoc. 2020;70(Suppl 3)(5):S131-S135. doi:10.5455/JPMA.32.Heneka MT, Golenbock D, Latz E, Morgan D, Brown R.Immediate and long-term consequences of COVID-19 infections for the development of neurological disease.Alzheimers Res Ther. 2020;12(1):69. doi:10.1186/s13195-020-00640-3.Tenforde MW, Kim SS, Lindsell CJ, et al.Symptom duration and risk factors for delayed return to usual health among outpatients with COVID-19 in a multistate health care systems network—United States, March-June 2020.MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2020;69:993-998. doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm6930e1.
Verywell Health uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Read oureditorial processto learn more about how we fact-check and keep our content accurate, reliable, and trustworthy.
U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): People with certain medical conditions.Yanmaz MN, Mert M, Korkmaz M.The prevalence of fibromyalgia syndrome in a group of patients with diabetes mellitus.Rheumatol Int. 2012;32(4):871-874. doi:10.1007/s00296-010-1618-8Aloush V, Gurfinkel A, Shachar N, Ablin JN, Elkana O.Physical and mental impact of COVID-19 outbreak on fibromyalgia patients.Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2021;39 Suppl 130(3):108-114.Thng ZX, De Smet MD, Lee CS, et al.COVID-19 and immunosuppression: A review of current clinical experiences and implications for ophthalmology patients taking immunosuppressive drugs.Br J Ophthalmol. 2020;bjophthalmol-2020-316586. doi:10.1136/bjophthalmol-2020-316586.Ryabkova VA, Churilov LP, Shoenfeld Y.Neuroimmunology: What role for autoimmunity, neuroinflammation, and small fiber neuropathy in fibromyalgia, chronic fatigue syndrome, and adverse events after human papillomavirus vaccination?.Int J Mol Sci. 2019;20(20):5164. doi:10.3390/ijms20205164.U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.Preliminary estimates of the prevalence of selected underlying health conditions among patients with coronavirus disease 2019–United States, February 12-March 28, 2020.MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep.2020;69:382–386. doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm6913e2.Batres-Marroquín AB, Medina-García AC, Vargas Guerrero A, Barrera-Villalpando MI, Martínez-Lavín M, Martínez-Martínez LA.Effect of COVID-19 pandemic lockdown on fibromyalgia symptoms.J Clin Rheumatol. 2022;28(1):e289-e291. doi:10.1097/RHU.0000000000001685U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): Symptoms.Carfì A, Bernabei R, Landi F; Gemelli. Against COVID-19 Post-Acute Care Study Group.Persistent symptoms in patients after acute COVID-19.JAMA. 2020;324(6):603-605. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.12603.Moss-Morris R, Deary V, Castell B.Chronic fatigue syndrome.Handb Clin Neurol. 2013;110:303-314. doi:10.1016/B978-0-444-52901-5.00025-3.Ursini F, Ciaffi J, Mancarella L, et al.Fibromyalgia: a new facet of the post-COVID-19 syndrome spectrum? Results from a web-based survey.RMD Open. 2021;7(3):e001735. doi:10.1136/rmdopen-2021-001735Moldofsky H, Patcai J.Chronic widespread musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, depression and disordered sleep in chronic post-SARS syndrome; a case-controlled study.BMC Neurol. 2011;11:37. doi:10.1186/1471-2377-11-37.Pope JE.What does the COVID-19 pandemic mean for rheumatology patients?Curr Treatm Opt Rheumatol. 2020;1-4. doi:10.1007/s40674-020-00145-y.
U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): People with certain medical conditions.
Yanmaz MN, Mert M, Korkmaz M.The prevalence of fibromyalgia syndrome in a group of patients with diabetes mellitus.Rheumatol Int. 2012;32(4):871-874. doi:10.1007/s00296-010-1618-8
Aloush V, Gurfinkel A, Shachar N, Ablin JN, Elkana O.Physical and mental impact of COVID-19 outbreak on fibromyalgia patients.Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2021;39 Suppl 130(3):108-114.
Thng ZX, De Smet MD, Lee CS, et al.COVID-19 and immunosuppression: A review of current clinical experiences and implications for ophthalmology patients taking immunosuppressive drugs.Br J Ophthalmol. 2020;bjophthalmol-2020-316586. doi:10.1136/bjophthalmol-2020-316586.
Ryabkova VA, Churilov LP, Shoenfeld Y.Neuroimmunology: What role for autoimmunity, neuroinflammation, and small fiber neuropathy in fibromyalgia, chronic fatigue syndrome, and adverse events after human papillomavirus vaccination?.Int J Mol Sci. 2019;20(20):5164. doi:10.3390/ijms20205164.
U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.Preliminary estimates of the prevalence of selected underlying health conditions among patients with coronavirus disease 2019–United States, February 12-March 28, 2020.MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep.2020;69:382–386. doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm6913e2.
Batres-Marroquín AB, Medina-García AC, Vargas Guerrero A, Barrera-Villalpando MI, Martínez-Lavín M, Martínez-Martínez LA.Effect of COVID-19 pandemic lockdown on fibromyalgia symptoms.J Clin Rheumatol. 2022;28(1):e289-e291. doi:10.1097/RHU.0000000000001685
U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): Symptoms.
Carfì A, Bernabei R, Landi F; Gemelli. Against COVID-19 Post-Acute Care Study Group.Persistent symptoms in patients after acute COVID-19.JAMA. 2020;324(6):603-605. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.12603.
Moss-Morris R, Deary V, Castell B.Chronic fatigue syndrome.Handb Clin Neurol. 2013;110:303-314. doi:10.1016/B978-0-444-52901-5.00025-3.
Ursini F, Ciaffi J, Mancarella L, et al.Fibromyalgia: a new facet of the post-COVID-19 syndrome spectrum? Results from a web-based survey.RMD Open. 2021;7(3):e001735. doi:10.1136/rmdopen-2021-001735
Moldofsky H, Patcai J.Chronic widespread musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, depression and disordered sleep in chronic post-SARS syndrome; a case-controlled study.BMC Neurol. 2011;11:37. doi:10.1186/1471-2377-11-37.
Pope JE.What does the COVID-19 pandemic mean for rheumatology patients?Curr Treatm Opt Rheumatol. 2020;1-4. doi:10.1007/s40674-020-00145-y.
Dasgupta A, Kalhan A, Kalra S.Long term complications and rehabilitation of COVID-19 patients.J Pak Med Assoc. 2020;70(Suppl 3)(5):S131-S135. doi:10.5455/JPMA.32.Heneka MT, Golenbock D, Latz E, Morgan D, Brown R.Immediate and long-term consequences of COVID-19 infections for the development of neurological disease.Alzheimers Res Ther. 2020;12(1):69. doi:10.1186/s13195-020-00640-3.Tenforde MW, Kim SS, Lindsell CJ, et al.Symptom duration and risk factors for delayed return to usual health among outpatients with COVID-19 in a multistate health care systems network—United States, March-June 2020.MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2020;69:993-998. doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm6930e1.
Dasgupta A, Kalhan A, Kalra S.Long term complications and rehabilitation of COVID-19 patients.J Pak Med Assoc. 2020;70(Suppl 3)(5):S131-S135. doi:10.5455/JPMA.32.
Heneka MT, Golenbock D, Latz E, Morgan D, Brown R.Immediate and long-term consequences of COVID-19 infections for the development of neurological disease.Alzheimers Res Ther. 2020;12(1):69. doi:10.1186/s13195-020-00640-3.
Tenforde MW, Kim SS, Lindsell CJ, et al.Symptom duration and risk factors for delayed return to usual health among outpatients with COVID-19 in a multistate health care systems network—United States, March-June 2020.MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2020;69:993-998. doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm6930e1.
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