Table of ContentsView AllTable of ContentsTypesDehydrationAlcoholStrained MuscleGrinding Your TeethInsomniaSleep ApneaAnxiety/DepressionHigh Blood PressureMedication Side EffectsHeadache Drug OveruseTiming of MedicationsCircadian Rhythm DisordersOversleepingExploding Head Syndrome
Table of ContentsView All
View All
Table of Contents
Types
Dehydration
Alcohol
Strained Muscle
Grinding Your Teeth
Insomnia
Sleep Apnea
Anxiety/Depression
High Blood Pressure
Medication Side Effects
Headache Drug Overuse
Timing of Medications
Circadian Rhythm Disorders
Oversleeping
Exploding Head Syndrome
Why might you wake up with aheadache? And how do you get rid of it fast so you can get on with your day?
There can be a number of obvious reasons for an early-morning headache, like drinking too much the night before, and other more complex causes such as sleep disorders. Figuring out what triggered the pain is important for determining how to find relief.
This article reviews common causes of morning headaches and explains what you can do to treat or prevent them.
Peter Dazeley / Getty Images
Types of Morning Headaches
First, it’s important to know that not all morning headaches are the same. You can wake up with any of these types:
The characteristics of your headache can help your healthcare provider determine what you may be dealing with and guide them toward a possible cause, which may include any of the following concerns.
Morning headaches are especially likely if you get dehydrated overnight. This may be due to sweating while you sleep, either because of a warm environment or the night sweats of menopause.
Other symptoms of dehydration include:
Treating Dehydration
If your headache is from dehydration, it’ll likely go away when you replenish your fluids and electrolytes.
In mild cases, you can relieve dehydration with water. If you’ve lost a substantial amount of fluid, you may need a rehydrating beverage like a sports drink. Severe dehydration requires immediate medical attention.
Preventing dehydration is better than treating it, so try to replace the fluids you lose during the day. That can put a stop to morning dehydration headaches.
Understanding Dehydration as a Headache Trigger
Drinking alcohol, especially in large amounts, can contribute to morning headaches.
Hangoverheadaches are technically called delayed alcohol-induced headaches. They come on the morning after you drink and tend to:
Researchers don’t fully understand what causes hangovers and their associated headaches. Potential factors could include:
Hangover symptoms may last anywhere from a few hours to three days. The duration depends on how much you drank, how dehydrated you got, and several other factors.
Hangovers aren’t the only way alcohol leads to morning headaches. If you get migraines, cluster headaches, or tension headaches, alcohol may be a trigger for them.Since drinking often takes place in the evening or at night, it’s common to wake up to them.
12 Best Foods for a Hangover and What to Avoid
Treating a Hangover
Hangovertreatments, which may help ease your morning headache faster, include:
If you do drink enough to cause a hangover, drink plenty of water before you go to bed so you don’t get dehydrated.
Treat and Prevent Hangover Headaches
Sleeping on the wrong pillow or in the wrong position can leave your neck muscles aching in the morning. Thatmuscle strainmay lead to a morning headache.
When your muscles contract, it limits blood flow. That leads to chemical reactions that create a build-up of waste products including lactic acid, carbon dioxide, and water. They irritate your nerves, leading to pain.
Morning neck-strain headaches tend to be tension headaches or migraines. They often feature:
Blood flow can’t resume until the muscle relaxes. At that point, the waste is flushed out and the irritation can ease.
Treating Strained Muscles
You can ease strained muscles with:
Once you’ve identified strained muscles as the cause of your morning headaches, you can try a different pillow or change your sleep position.
Regularly grinding your teeth at night is a disorder called sleepbruxism. This can be both a symptom of poor sleep and a cause of it. It’s also tied to high stress levels.
Tooth grinding can aggravate your jaw joint and contribute totemporomandibularjoint disorders (TMJ). Pain in the jaw, as well as the surrounding muscles and connective tissues, can lead to a dull, constant headache.
Research published in 2020 showed a direct relationship between nighttime grinding and morning headaches.
Treating Bruxism
To prevent you from grinding your teeth, you may be given:
You may not be aware that you grind your teeth while you sleep. If you have a sleep partner and morning headaches consistent with bruxism, ask them if they’ve noticed you grinding.
8 Things That Make TMJ Worse
Insomniais a common sleep disorder that can:
Poor sleep can be a headache triggerbecause the same brain regions and neurotransmitters deal with both sleep and pain processing.
Insomnia is often associated with chronic migraines and chronic tension headaches.
Treating Insomnia
Insomnia treatments include:
To help your doctor diagnose insomnia, keep a sleep journal that details how long it takes you to fall asleep, the amount of time you sleep, and how often you wake up overnight.
Obstructive Sleep Apnea
It’s also possible that low oxygen leads to high carbon dioxide levels in the brain, which increases blood flow and pressure inside your skull, leading to morning headaches.
These headaches typically:
The pain of morning OSA headaches is often described as aching rather than sharp. These headaches don’t occur at other times of day.
Treating Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Obstructive sleep apnea is treated with:
Sleep apnea and other sleep disorders are often diagnosed withpolysomnography(a sleep study).
Improving Your Sleep HygieneIf you often don’t sleep well and have regular morning headaches, you may benefit from better sleep hygiene—habits and an environment that encourages good sleep.This includes:Going to bed and waking up at the same time each dayKeeping your bedroom dark, quiet, relaxing, and a comfortable temperatureAvoiding caffeine, alcohol, and large meals close to bedtimeGetting more exercise during the day (but not near bedtime)Keeping electronic devices out of the bedroom
Improving Your Sleep Hygiene
If you often don’t sleep well and have regular morning headaches, you may benefit from better sleep hygiene—habits and an environment that encourages good sleep.This includes:Going to bed and waking up at the same time each dayKeeping your bedroom dark, quiet, relaxing, and a comfortable temperatureAvoiding caffeine, alcohol, and large meals close to bedtimeGetting more exercise during the day (but not near bedtime)Keeping electronic devices out of the bedroom
If you often don’t sleep well and have regular morning headaches, you may benefit from better sleep hygiene—habits and an environment that encourages good sleep.
This includes:
OSA Headache Diagnosis and Treatment
Anxiety and Depression
The brain regions and neurotransmitters tied to sleep and pain also impact your mood. Common physiology is at least part of whyanxietyanddepressionare both common in people with migraines and sleep disorders.
In fact, a 2020 study confirmed a link between headaches and increased anxiety and depression scores. The links were strongest between:
Treating Anxiety and Depression
If you have both depression and anxiety, you may want to start with treatments that can help both of them, such as talk therapy and antidepressants. Some antidepressants have sedative effects, helping you sleep better too.
Hypertension (high blood pressure)often doesn’t cause symptoms, but that’s not always the case.
Research is divided as to whether mild or moderate chronic hypertension is associated with headaches and migraines.The link is better established between headaches and severely high blood pressure or ahypertensive crisis.
The reasons behind hypertensive headaches may vary for different headache types.
In non-migraines, researchers suspect it has to do with a disruption of theblood-brain barrier.This is a network of cells that prevent harmful substances from reaching your brain.
In migraines, evidence suggests it’s because of common underlying mechanisms including:
Recurring headaches of any severity are worth mentioning to a healthcare provider. This is especially important if you’re pregnant and have frequent headaches. They could be a sign of a dangerous hypertension-related complication calledpreeclampsia, which can also cause blurry vision, swollen hands and face, and right-side abdominal pain.
Treating Hypertension
There are several options for treating hypertension. These include:
You should get a blood pressure cuff andcheck your blood pressureregularly if you have a history of hypertension, hypertensive crisis, or headaches and nosebleeds that occur together.
Call 911If you have a headache and a nosebleed at the same time, check your blood pressure if possible. If it’s high, rest for five minutes and check it again. If your second reading is above 180/120, call 911 immediately.
Call 911
If you have a headache and a nosebleed at the same time, check your blood pressure if possible. If it’s high, rest for five minutes and check it again. If your second reading is above 180/120, call 911 immediately.
Several types of medications cause side-effect headaches in some people who take them. They include:
Myriad other medications and some supplements can cause headaches as well. If you’ve started a new medication or had a recent dosage increase and start having regular headaches, talk to your healthcare provider.
Headaches and other medication side effects may eventually taper off if you stay on the medication. They should also clear up if you stop taking the drug in question.
However, don’t stop taking a prescription medication without the advice of a healthcare professional. Doing so can cause side effects, as well as complications related to your condition going untreated. Your provider can work with you to find a different treatment or a dosage of your current treatment that works better for you.
Also, ask your healthcare provider or pharmacist what pain medications you can safely use to ease your headaches given other drugs you are taking.
Headache Medication Overuse
Ironically, the drugs you take to treat chronic headaches may eventually start causing them. The headache medications work at first, but over time, they become less effective.
Typically, you need to take the drugs more than 10 days a month for more than three months for this to happen.
When they wear off, your headache comes back—usually worse than it was before you took the medication. If you don’t realize this is happening, it’s natural to take another dose. However, that just compounds the problem.
Drugs that can cause medication overuse headaches (MOH) include:
If your headaches are getting worse despite taking pain medicine, talk to your healthcare provider.
Medication-overuse headaches are sometimes called medication-induced headaches,rebound headaches, drug-induced headaches, or medication-misuse headaches. However, not everyone who gets them has overused or misused the medication.
Treating Medication Overuse Headaches
To get rid of an MOH, it’s usually recommended that you stop taking the problem drug. Your healthcare provider can help you find different treatment, if needed.
Ask your healthcare provider or pharmacist how to treat your headache while the drug is still in your body.
Medications That Cause Overuse Headaches
Timing of Headache Medications
Migraines are most common early in the morning. There are several reasons for that:
Treating Medication-Timing Headaches
Ask your healthcare provider about longer-acting or extended-release drugs.
You may also need to adjust the timing of your medications, but that should only be done under the direction of a medical professional.
Circadian rhythmsare biological cycles, including the 24-hour sleep-wake cycle. These rhythms help you to fall asleep at night and wake in the morning while playing an important role in the regulation of hormones and body functions.
A number of health issues can disrupt your natural circadian rhythm, including:
These disorders can cause you to wake up during the sleep cycle, or you might sleep for too short or too long a period of time. This can create an ongoing problem in which you develop headaches because of sleep disorders and then the headache itself causes additional problems sleeping.
Treating Circadian Rhythm Disorders
To regulate circadian rhythm, your doctor may recommend at-home therapies such as:
It may seem that getting extra sleep would be a good way to avoid a morning headache. However, sleeping too much is a type of sleep disorder that can leave you feeling terrible.
Serotonin, one of the neurotransmitters that regulate circadian rhythm, signals to your body when it is time to wake up at the end of the natural sleep cycle. At that point, your brain begins to work and your body starts to want food and water.
If you continue to sleep after your brain has received the “wake up” signal, your body will begin to become dehydrated and suffer nutrient loss. If you continue for too long in that state, it can trigger a headache.
Treating Oversleeping
In some instances, people find themselves chronically oversleeping or unable to wake after a normal night’s sleep. This could be a sign ofhypersomniaand may result in other symptoms such as confusion, anxiety, and hallucinations.
How to Stop Oversleeping
Technically,exploding headache syndromeis not considered a headache disorder because it doesn’t cause a typical pain in the head. However, sometimes a stabbing sensation occurs along with the characteristics loud noises in your head.This can cause anxiety that further disrupts sleep and can lead to recurring headaches.
Treating Exploding Head Syndrome
In some instances, relaxation techniques may ease exploding head syndrome. There is also some research that has shown that thetricyclic antidepressantAnafranil (clomipramine) may help with symptoms as well.
Summary
Treatments for morning headaches depend on the underlying cause. Treating a medical condition that triggers morning head pain may alleviate it. Getting good sleep may help, as well.
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Verywell Health uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Read oureditorial processto learn more about how we fact-check and keep our content accurate, reliable, and trustworthy.
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Prescribers' Digital Reference: PDR.Clopidogrel bisulfate - drug summary.
Prescribers' Digital Reference: PDR.Lisinopril - drug summary.
Prescribers' Digital Reference: PDR.Nitroglycerin - drug summary.
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